Abstract
Graminaceous species can enhance iron (Fe) acquisition from sparingly soluble inorganic Fe(III) compounds by release of phytosiderophores (PS) which mobilize Fe(III) by chelation. In most graminaceous species Fe deficiency increases the rate of PS release from roots by a factor of 10–20, but in some species, for example sorghum, this increase is much less. The chemical nature of PS can differ between species and even cultivars.
The various PS are similarly effective as the microbial siderophore Desferal (ferrioxamine B methane sulfonate) in mobilizing Fe(III) from a calcareous soil. Under the same conditions the synthetic chelator DTPA (diaethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) is ineffective.
The rate of Fe(III)PS uptake by roots of graminaceous species increases by a factor of about 5 under Fe deficiency. In contrast, uptake of Fe from both synthetic and microbial Fe(III) chelates is much lower and not affected by the Fe nutritional status of the plants. This indicates that in graminaceous species under Fe deficiency a specific uptake system for FePS is activated. In contrast, the specific uptake system for FePS is absent in dicots. In a given graminaceous species the uptake rates of the various FePS are similar, but vary between species by a factor of upto 3. In sorghum, despite the low rate of PS release, the rate of FePS uptake is particularly high.
The results indicate that release of PS and subsequent uptake of FePS are under different genetic control. The high susceptibility of sorghum to Fe deficiency (‘lime-chlorosis’) is most probably caused by low rates of PS release in the early seedling stage. Therefore in sorghum, and presumably other graminaceous species also, an increase in resistance to ‘lime chlorosis’ could be best achieved by breeding for cultivars with high rates of PS release. In corresponding screening procedures attention should be paid to the effects of iron nutritional status and daytime on PS release as well as on rapid microbial degradation of PS.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Awad F, Römheld V and Marschner H 1988 Mobilization of ferric iron from a calcareous soil by plant-borne chelators (phytosiderophores). J. Plant Nutr. 11, 701–713.
Clark R B, Römheld V and Marschner H 1988 Iron uptake and phytosiderophore release by roots of sorthum genotypes. J. Plant Nutr. 11, 663–676.
Crowley D E, Reid C P P and Szaniszlo P J 1987 Microbial siderophores as iron sources for plants. In Iron Transport in Microbes, Plants and Animals. Eds. G Winkelmann, D Van der Helm and J B Neilands. pp 375–386. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, FRG.
Kannan S 1980 Differences in iron stress response and iron uptake in some sorghum varieties. J. Plant Nutr. 2, 347–358.
Kawai S, Sato Y and Takagi S 1987 Separation and determination of mugineic acid and its analogues by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatography 391, 325–327.
Kawai S, Itoh K and Takagi S 1988 Studies on phytosiderophores: Biosynthesis of mugineic acid and 2′ deoxymugineic acid in Hordeum vulgare L. var. Minori mugi. Tetrahedron Letters 29, 1053–1056.
Kissel M 1987 Eisenmangel-induzierte Abgabe von Phytosiderophoren aus Gerstenwurzeln als effizienter Mechanismus zur Eisenmobilisierung. Ph. thesis University Hohenheim, Stuttgart, FRG.
Marcar N E and Graham R D 1986 Effect of seed manganese content on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under manganese deficiency. Plant and Soil 96, 165–173.
Marschner H, Römheld V and Kissel M 1986 Different strategies in higher plants in mobilization and uptake of iron. J. Plant Nutr. 9, 695–713.
Marschner H, Römheld V and Kissel M 1987 Localization of phytosiderophore release and iron uptake along intact barley roots. Physiol. Plant. 71, 157–162.
McDaniel M E and Brown J C 1982 Differential iron chlorosis of oat cultivars: A review. J. Plant Nutr. 5, 545–552.
McKenzie D B, Hossner L R and Newton R J 1986 The influence of NH4 +-N vs. NO3 --N nutrition on root reductant release by Fe stressed sorghum. J. Plant Nutr. 9, 1289–1301.
Mengel K and Geurtzen G 1986 Iron chlorosis on calcareous soils: Alkaline nutritional condition as the cause for the chlorosis. J. Plant Nutr. 9, 161–173.
Nishizawa N and Mori S 1987 The particular vesicle appearing in the barley root cells and its relation to mugineic acid secretion. J. Plant Nutr. 10, 1013–1020.
Römheld V 1987 Existence of two different strategies for the acquisition of iron in higher plants. In Iron Transport in Microbes, Plants and Animals. Eds. G Winkelmann, D van der Helm and J B Neilands. pp 353–374. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, FRG.
Takagi S 1976 Naturally occurring iron-chelating compounds in oat- and rice-root washings. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 22, 423–433.
Takagi S, Nomoto K and Takemoto T 1984 Physiological aspect of mugineic acid, a possible phytosiderophore of graminaceous plants. J. Plant Nutr. 7, 469–477.
Takagi S, Kamei S and Ming-Ho Yu 1988 Efficiency of iron extraction from soil by mugineic acid family phytosiderophores. J. Plant Nutr. 11, 643–651.
Treeby M, Marschner H and Römheld V 1989 Mobilization of iron and other micronutrient cations from a calcareous soil by plant-borne, microbial and synthetic metal chelators. Plant and Soil 114, 217–226.
Vose P B 1982 Iron nutrition in plants: A world overview. J. Plant Nutr. 5, 233–249.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Römheld, V., Marschner, H. (1990). Genotypical differences among graminaceous species in release of phytosiderophores and uptake of iron phytosiderophores. In: El Bassam, N., Dambroth, M., Loughman, B.C. (eds) Genetic Aspects of Plant Mineral Nutrition. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 42. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2053-8_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2053-8_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7421-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-2053-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive