Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Acid Waters in Wales pp 11–25Cite as

Chemical and ecological evidence on the acidification of Welsh lakes and rivers

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Monographiae Biologicae ((MOBI,volume 66))

Abstract

Over the last decade, the acidification of surface waters has been a major focus for political and scientific activity. Effects on the chemical, ecological, economic and aesthetic status of lakes, rivers and wetlands have all been suggested, and have serious implications (Chaps. 7, 8 & 9).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Altshuller, A.F. and Linthurst, R.A. (1984). The Acidic Deposition Phenomenon and its Effects: Critical Assessment amp; Review Papers. Vol. 2. Effects Sciences. North Carolina State University Acid Deposition Programme. EPA, Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Battarbee, R.W. and Charles, D.F. (1986). Diatom based pH reconstruction studies in Europe and North America: a synthesis. Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 30: 347–354.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bull, K.R. and Hall, J.R. (1986). Aluminium in the Rivers Esk and Duddon, Cumbria, and their tributaries. Environmental Pollution (Series B), 12: 165–193.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Clymo, R.S. (1973). The growth of Sphagnum: some effects of environment. Journal of Ecology, 61: 849–869.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Dillon, P.J., Reid, R.A. and Grosbois, E. de (1987). The rate of acidification in aquatic ecosystems in Ontario, Canada. Nature, 329: 45–48.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Egglishaw, H., Gardiner, R. and Foster, J. (1986). Salmon catch decline and forestry in Scotland. Scottish Geographical Magazine, 102: 57–61.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Haines, T.A. (1981). Acidic precipitation and its consequences for aquatic ecosystems: a review. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 110: 669–707.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Hansard, G.A. (1834). Trout and Salmon Fishing in Wales. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Harriman R. and Morrison, B.R.S. (1982). Ecology of streams draining forested and non- forested catchments in an area of central Scotland subject to acid precipitation. Hydrobiologia, 88: 251–263.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Henriksen. A. (1979). A simple approach for identifying and measuring acidification in fresh water. Nature, 278: 542–545.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Howells, G.D. (1983). Acid waters—the effects of low pH and associated factors on fisheries. Advances in Applied Biology (Ed T. H. Coaker). pp. 143–255. Academic Press. London.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Howells, G.D. and Haines, T.A. (1982). Interpretation of aquatic pH trends. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 111: 779–786.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Howells, W.R. and Merriman, R. (1986). Pollution from agriculture in the area of the Welsh Water Authority. Effects of land use on fresh water (Ed. J.F. de L.G. Solbe), paper 18. Water Research Centre and World Health Organization, Medmenham.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Hynes, H.B.N. (1960). The biology of polluted waters. Liverpool University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Jenkins, D. and Shearer, W.M. (1986). The status of the Atlantic Salmon in Scotland. Institute lor Terrestrial Ecology Symposium Number 15, Abbots Ripton.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Jones, J.R.E. (1949). An ecological study of the River Rheidol, North Cardiganshire, Wales. Journal of Animal Ecoloy, 18: 67–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Jones, J.R.E. (1951). An ecological study of the River Towy. Journal of Animal Ecology, 20: 68–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ormerod, S.J. and Edwards, R.W. (1985). Stream acidity in some areas of Wales in relation to historical trends in afforestation and the usage of agricultural limestone. Journal of Environmental Management, 20: 189–197.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ormerod, S.J. and Tyler, S.J. (1987). Dippers Cinclus cinclus and Grey Wagtails Motacilla cinerea as indicators of stream acidity in upland Wales. The Value of Birds, (Eds. A.W. Diamond and F.L. Filion) pp. 191–208. International Council for Bird Preservation, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Ormerod, S.J., Tyler, S.J. and Lewis, J.M.S. (1985). Is the breeding distribution of dippers influenced by stream acidity? Bird Study. 32: 33–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Ormerod, S.J., Wade, K.R. and Gee, A.S. (1987). Macro-floral assemblages in upland Welsh streams in relation to acidity and their importance to invertebrates. Freshwater Biology, 18: 545–558.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Pennington, W. (1984). Long-term natural acidification in Cumbria: evidence from postglacial lake sediment. Fifty-second annual report of the Freshwater Biological Association, Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Schindler, D.W. (1987). Detecting ecosystem response to anthropogenic stress. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 44: (Supplement 1), 6–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Scullion, J. and Sinton, A. (1983). Effects of artificial freshets on substratum composition, benthic invertebrate fauna and invertebrate drift in two impounded rivers in mid Wales. Hydrobiologia, 107: 261–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Stoner, J.H. and Gee, A.S. (1985). Effects of forestry on water quality and fish in Welsh rivers and lakes. Journal of the Institute of Water Engineers and Scientists, 39: 27–45.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Stoner, J.H., Wade. K.R. and Gee, A.S. (1984). The effects of acidification on the ecology of streams in the upper Tywi catchment in west Wales. Environmental Pollution (Series A), 36: 125–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Varallo, F.V. (1988). Report on M.A.F.F./W.A.A. fisheries technical liaison committee workshop on acoustic and radio tracking of adult migratory salmonids. Report of the Welsh Water Authority, No. FTLC 88/8, Brecon.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Wade, K.R., Ormcrod, S.J. and Gee, A.S. (1988). Classification and ordination of macroin- vertebrate assemblages to predict stream acidity in upland Wales. Hydrobiologia, 171: 59–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Warren. S.C., Bache, B.W., Edmunds, W.M., Egglishaw, H.J., Gee, A.S., Hornung, M., Howells, G.D., Jordan. C., Leeming, J.B., Pugh, K.B., Sutcliffe, D.W., Wells, D.E., Cape, J.N., Ellis. J.C. and Hunt. D.T.E. (1986). Acidity in United Kingdom Fresh Waters. United Kingdom Acid Waters Review Group Interim Report. Department of the Environment, London.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Warren, S.C., Alexander, G.C., Bache, B.W., Battarbee, R.W., Crawshaw, D.H., Edmunds, W.M., Egglishaw, H.J., Gee, A.S., Hildrew. A G., Hornung, M., Howells, G.D., Hunt, D.T.E., Pugh, K.B., Wells. D.E., Whitehead, P.G., Cape, J.N., Harriman, R., Neal, C., and Ormerod, S.J. (1988). United Kingdom Acid Waters Review Group Final Report. Department of the Environment, London.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Welsh Water (1986). Fisheries and conservation review, 1983–85. Welsh Water Authority, Brecon.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Wium-Anderson, S. (1987). The development of the acid lake Gribso in Denmark after 1950. Reversibility of Acidification, (Ed. H. Barth) pp. 76–84. Elsevier Applied Science, London.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Wright, R.F. and Henriksen, A. (1983). Restoration of Norwegian lakes by reduction in sulphur deposition. Nature, 405: 422–424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. S. J. Ormerod
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. S. Gee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

R. W. Edwards A. S. Gee J. H. Stoner

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ormerod, S.J., Gee, A.S. (1990). Chemical and ecological evidence on the acidification of Welsh lakes and rivers. In: Edwards, R.W., Gee, A.S., Stoner, J.H. (eds) Acid Waters in Wales. Monographiae Biologicae, vol 66. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1894-8_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1894-8_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7345-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-1894-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation