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Preformed Mediators of Human Mast Cells and Basophils

  • Chapter
Mast Cells, Mediators and Disease

Part of the book series: Immunology and Medicine Series ((IMME,volume 7))

Abstract

Immediate hypersensitivity reactions occur following release of mediators from mast cells and basophils. These cell types each possess high affinity receptors for IgE in their plasma membrane and contain histamine inside the secretory granules in their cytoplasmic compartment. They differ from one another by morphologic criteria and by the production of distinct proteoglycan, enzyme and lipid mediators. Mature mast cells reside in tissues; basophils normally are found in the circulation, but may migrate into tissues at sites of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions or ectoparasitic infestation. The highest concentrations of mature mast cells in normal tissues are found in the intestine (mucosa and submucosa), upper and lower respiratory tract (alveoli, bronchiolar/bronchial subepithelial and nasal mucosal regions) and skin (dermis)1, where signs and symptoms of allergic reactions are often noted. In addition, two types of human mast cells with distinct neutral protease compositions have been described (see below)2. These mast cell types differ in their tissue distributions, dependence on functional T lymphocytes and secretory response to certain activating agents. Little is known of the differential contribution of each mast cell type or of basophils to various allergic conditions as well as the biologic activities of mast cells (and basophils) in those 80% of individuals who are not atopic.

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Authors
  1. L. B. Schwartz
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Immunopharmacology Group, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO9 4XY, UK

    S. T. Holgate (MRC Clinical Reasearch Professor of Immunopharmacology) (MRC Clinical Reasearch Professor of Immunopharmacology)

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Level D, Centre Block, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO9 4XY, UK

    S. T. Holgate (MRC Clinical Reasearch Professor of Immunopharmacology) (MRC Clinical Reasearch Professor of Immunopharmacology)

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© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers

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Schwartz, L.B. (1988). Preformed Mediators of Human Mast Cells and Basophils. In: Holgate, S.T. (eds) Mast Cells, Mediators and Disease. Immunology and Medicine Series, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1287-8_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1287-8_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7072-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-1287-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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