Abstract
The beneficial effect of active elements on the oxidation behaviour of high temperature NiCr and NiCrFe alloys has been observed for 50 years and low level additions of active elements are now used with various MCrAl alloys (M = Fe and/or Ni), which include Cr2O3- as well as Al2O3-forming alloys. Numerous studies on their beneficial influence have been carried out, and different hypotheses, which have been suggested to explain the improvement of the scale adherence and thus of the protective behaviour, will be briefly discussed. Some hypotheses on the benificial effect may be derived from the physico-chemical properties of the active elements (e.g. crystallographic structure, free energy of formation of compounds, electronic structure, electronegativity, radius of ions, etc…). The efficiency of these elements, when added in the bulk or when incorporated near the surface by an appropriate treatment (e.g. ion implantation, coating,...) will be compared. Further, the resources, consumption and costs of active elements with relation to the design of high temperature alloys will be also considered.
Thus, this paper provides general information concerning active elements to introduce the other more specialized papers to be presented at this Colloquium.
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© 1989 ECSC, EEC, EAEC. Brussels and Luxembourg
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Beranger, G., Armanet, F., Lambertin, M. (1989). Active Elements in Oxidation and Their Properties. In: Lang, E. (eds) The Role of Active Elements in the Oxidation Behaviour of High Temperature Metals and Alloys. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1147-5_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1147-5_4
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