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Hemodynamics in patients with overweight and hypertension

  • Chapter
The Heart in Hypertension

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 98))

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Abstract

Several epidemiological studies, cross-sectional [1–3] and longitudinal [1, 4–6], have shown that obesity and hypertension are two directly related pathological disorders at any age [1, 7], and the overweight condition is a predicting and predisposing factor for future development of elevated systolic and diastolic pressures [4–6]. More recent studies, however, have concluded that in determining the risk profile of obese subjects, assessment of body fat distribution is important [8–11]. Thus, considerably evidence suggests that fat distribution is a relatively constant characteristic of human beings, even after major weight changes [8, 9]. By a variety of techniques, such as skinfold thickness measurements [10], circumference measurements [10–12], and computed tomography [13], estimates of fat distribution in different body regions support the concept that an increased waist-hip circumference ratio (upper-body obesity or hypertrophic obesity) shows a preponderance of fat in the abdominal region. This specific type of obesity, in contrast to subjects having low waist-hip circumference ratios (lower-body obesity or hyperplastic obesity), is associated with increased risk of hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, and hyperinsulinemia [14–17]. This finding is true across race and gender groups and is independent of age [16, 17].

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Authors
  1. Efrain Reisin
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  2. Edward D. Frohlich
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension Research Center, Broussais Hospital, Paris, France

    M. E. Safar

  2. Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    F. Fouad-Tarazi

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Reisin, E., Frohlich, E.D. (1989). Hemodynamics in patients with overweight and hypertension. In: Safar, M.E., Fouad-Tarazi, F. (eds) The Heart in Hypertension. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 98. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0941-0_11

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