Abstract
It has been 23 years since the oceanic mantle was first shown to be isotopically heterogeneous (Gast, Tilton & Hedge, 1964). The richness and diversity of this heterogeneous character has been expanded over the intervening years with the application of new isotopic tracer systems (Nd, Hf, He, Xe) to volcanic rocks from most of the oceanic islands. Currently, this isotopic heterogeneity can be embraced as mixtures between four or five fairly distinct isotopic components (DMM: depleted MORB mantle; HIMU: a high U/Pb component; and two enriched components, EMI and EMII; Zindler and Hart, 1986). The DMM component comprises the upper mantle, and has been depleted over geologic time by processes associated with extraction of continental crust. This is the only mantle reservoir for which a location and evolutionary process are well established. Chase (1981) and Hofmann & White (1982) proposed that subducted oceanic crust ± sediment would acquire significant isotopic heterogeneity while aging in the mantle, and that recycling of this material could provide some of the isotopic diversity observed in oceanic basalts.
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Hart, S.R., Staudigel, H. (1989). Isotopic Characterization and Identification of Recycled Components. In: Hart, S.R., Gülen, L. (eds) Crust/Mantle Recycling at Convergence Zones. NATO ASI Series, vol 258. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0895-6_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0895-6_2
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