Abstract
The moment the navel cord is broken, during passage from the uterus to the external environment, major changes occur in the energy nutrition of the young. In fact, considering the complexity of the changes, it is remarkable that mortality is so low. One major change is in the route by which nutrients are supplied. Before birth, glucose, amino acids etc. are delivered directly via the placenta. Afterwards they must first be consumed as milk and then absorbed from the small intestine. The high rate of success with which this major change occurs is due to the close matching of the composition of the colostrum, the newborn’s first energy source, with intestinal cell permeability to large molecules. At the same time, large amounts of globulins obtained from the colostrum help to protect against prevalent pathogens while the immune system is developing.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Garnot, P., Valles, E., Thapon, J-L., Toullec, R. & Tomassone, R-D. (1974) Influence of dietary proteins on rennin and pepsin content of pre-ruminant calf veal J. Dairy Res. 41, 19–23
Glimp, H.A. (1972) Effect of diet composition on performance of lambs reared from birth on milk replacer J. Anim. Sci. 34, 1085–1088
Mayes, R.W. & Ørskov, E.R. (1974) The utilization of gelled maize starch in the small intestine of sheep Brit. J. Nutr. 32, 143–153
Molenat, G. & Theriez, C-M. (1972) Artificial milk feeding of lambs. 2. Effect of fat content of milk replacers Ann. Zootech. 21, 385–399
Nistan, Z., Volcani, R., Gordin, S. & Hasdai, A. (1971) Growth and nutrient utilization by calves fed milk replacers containing milk or soybean protein concentrate heated to various degrees J. Dairy Sci. 54, 1294–1299
Ørskov, E.R. (1982) Protein Nutrition in Ruminants Academic Press, London
Ørskov, E.R., Benzie, D. & Kay, R.N.B. (1970) The effect of feeding procedure on closure of the oesophageal groove in sheep Brit. J. Nutr. 24, 785–795
Ørskov, E.R., Mayes, R.W. & Mann, S.O. (1972) Postruminal digestion of sucrose in sheep Brit. J. Nutr. 28, 425–432
Ørskov, E.R., Fraser, C. & Gill, J.C. (1973) A note on the effect of time of weaning and weight at slaughter on feed utilization of intensively fed lambs Anim. Prod. 16, 311–314
Paredes, L., Capoles, M., Parra, R. & Marguer, N. (1981) The performance of calves reared by restricted suckling with matter of high milk production potential Trop. Anim. Prod. 6, 368–372
Pavlov, LP. (1927) Conditioned Reflexes Transi, by O.V. Aarep. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Penning, I.M. (1975) Nutrition of the Liquid-fed Lamb Ph.D. Thesis, University of Reading
Raven, A.M. & Robinson, K.L. (1959) Studies on the nutrition of the young calf. 2. The nutritive value of unhydrogenated palm oil, unhydrogenated palm- kernel oil and butter fat, as additions to a milk diet Brit. J. Nutr. 13, 178–190
Siddons, R.C. (1968) Carbohydrase activities in the bovine digestive tract Biochem. J. 108, 839–844
Soliman, H.S.,Ørskov, E.R. & Smart, R.I. (1977) Milk replacers based on non-milk constituents for lambs Proc. Nutr. Soc. 36, 52A
Ternouth, J.H., Siddons, R.C. & Toothill, J. (1971) Pancreatic secretion in the milk fed calf Proc. Nutr. Soc. 30, 89A
Thivend, P., Clark, C.F.S., Ørskov, E.R. & Kay, R.N.B. (1979) Digestion of partially hydrolyzed starch in milk replacers by the young lamb Ann. Rech. Vet. 10, 422–424
Toullec, R. (1974) The use of soluble fish protein concentrates in milk replacers Proc. 3rd European Symposium on the Use of Fish Meal in Animal Feeding pp 68–72 Internat. Assocn. of Fish Meal Manufacturers, Peterborough
Van Soest, P.J. (1982) Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant O & B Books, Corvallis, OR
Walker, D.M. (1959) The development of the digestive system of the young animal. 3. Carbohydrase enzyme development in the young lamb J. agrie. Sci. Camb. 53, 374–380
Walker, D.M. & Jagusch, K.T. (1967) Influence of ambient temperature on energy utilization for milk production in the cow. In Blaxter, L.L., Kielanowski, J. & Thorbek, G. (Eds) Proc. 4th Symp. on Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals pp 187–193 E.A.A.P. Publication No. 12 Oriel Press, Newcastle upon Tyne
Walker, D.M. & Kirk, R.D. (1975) The utilization by pre-ruminant lambs of milk replacers containing isolated soya bean protein Austr. J. agrie. Res. 26, 102520131035
Warner, R.G. & Flatt, W.P. (1965) Anatomical development of the ruminant stomach. In Dougherty, R.W., Allen, R.S., Burroughs, W., Jacobson, N.L. & McGilliard, A.D. (Eds) Physiology of Digestion in the Ruminant pp 24–38 Butterworth, London
Watson R.H. (1944) Studies on Deglutition in Sheep Bulletin No. 180 Council for Scientific & Industrial Research, Melbourne
Wester, I. (1926) Die Physiologie und Pathologie der Vormagen beim Rinde Berlin
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ryle, M., Ørskov, E.R. (1990). Nutrient Supply to the Newborn Ruminant. In: Energy Nutrition in Ruminants. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0751-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0751-5_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6823-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-0751-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive