Evaluation of stochastic dependence

Abstract

The term “correlation” often appears in colloquial use without any reference to statistics. In Huxley’s book Eye-less in Gaza the following correlation between civilization and sexuality is noted: the more advanced civilization the more intensive sexuality. This is an excellent appeal to the reader’s intuition. But how can we define correlation? How can we measure it? Should we start by measuring “civilization” and “sexuality” on scales permitting the gradation indicated by Huxley? What would happen when features being examined have values which cannot be ordered in a natural way?