Abstract
The extensive radionuclide contamination resulting from the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident triggered international political recognition of a shared global responsibility for the safety of all nuclear installations. The specific focus of this paper, contaminated forest ecosystems, has caused increasing concern in many European countries due to the enhanced radioactivity accumulation by forests. If forests are exposed to fallout from a nuclear-related event, forest products become contaminated resulting in possible exposure to man far from the contaminated site. This exposure can occur through the manufacture and use of forest products such as construction materials, paper, food harvested from forests, etc. Certain groups of the population, such as hunters, reindeer, berry and mushroom gatherers can have particularly large intakes of natural food products. Forestry workers have been found to receive a radiation dose up to 3 times higher than other groups of the population in the same area [1].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Tikhomirov, F.A., Shcheglov, A.I., Sidorov V.P.(1993) Forests and forestry: radiation measures with special reference to the Chernobyl accident zone. Science of the Total Environment 137,289–305.
Schell, W.R; Berg, M.T.; Myttenaere, C.; Massey, C.D.(1994) A review of the deposition and uptake of stable and radioactive elements in forests and other natural ecosystems for use in predictive modeling, Science of the Total Environment 157 153–161.
Schell, W.R.; Linkov, I.; Myttenaere, C.; Morel, B.(1995) A dynamic model for evaluating radionuclide distribution in forests from nuclear accidents. Health Physics;(in press).
Schell, W.R.; Linkov, I.; Rimkevich, V.; Chistic O.; Lutsko, A; Dvornik, A.M.; Zhuchenko, T.A.(1995) Model- directed sampling in Chernobyl forests: general methodology and 1994 sampling program. Science of the Total Environment (in press).
Myttenaere, C.; Schell, W. R.; Thiry, Y.; Sombre, L.; Ronneau, C.; Van der Stegen de Schrieck,(1993) J. Modeling of the Cs-137 cycling in forest: recent developments and research needed. Science of the Total Environment 136,77–91.
Paajanen, A.; Lehto, J.(1992) Disposal of Radioactive Wastes from the Cleanup of Large Areas Contaminated in Nuclear Accidents. Nordske Seminar- og Arbejdsrapporter 524.
Guillitte, O.; Tikhomirov, F.A.; Shaw, G.; Johanson, K.; Dressler, A.J.; Melin, J. (1993) Decontamination methods for reducing radiation doses arising from radioactive contamination of forest ecosystems—a summary of available countermeasures. Science of the Total Environment 137, 307–314.
Guillitte, O.; Willdrodt, C.(1993) An assessment of experimental and potential countermeasures to reduceradionuclide transfer in forest ecosystems. Science of the Total Environment 137:273–288.
Howard, B.J., Desmet, G.M., Eds. (1993) Relative Effectiveness of Agricultural Countermeasure Techniques- REACT. Proceedings of a workshop organised by the Commission of the European Communities DG XII-D-3 Radiation Protection Research DG XI-A-1 Radiation Protection, Brussels, 1–4 October 1991. Science of the Total Environment 137.
Desmet, G.M.; Janssens, A.; Melin, J., Eds. (1994) Forest and Radioactivity. A collection of papers presented at the seminar on the dynamic behavior of radionuclides in forests, Stockholm, Sweden, 18–22 May, 1992. Science of the Total Environment 157.
Desmet, G.M.; Nassimbeni, P.; Belli, M.(1990) Transfer of Radionuclides in Natural and Semi-Natural Environments, Proceedings of the Workshop organized by CEC. Elsevier Applied Science, London and New York.
Lehto, J., Ed.(1994) Cleanup of Large Radioactive-Contaminated Areas and Disposal of Generated Waste, Final Report of the KAN2 Project. Tema Nord.
Schell, W.R.; Linkov, I.(1995) Radiologically-contaminated forests: A modeling approach to safety evaluation and management, in: R. Lewis (ed) Challenges and Innovation in the Management of Hazardous Waste. Air and Waste Management Association (in press).
Ward, G.M., Johnson, J.E.(1985) Validity of the term Transfer Coefficient. Health Physics 50,411–414.
Prohorov, V.M.; Ginzburg, L.R.(1972) Modeling the process of migration of radionuclides in forest ecosystem and description of the model. Soviet Journal of Ecology 2,396–402.
Aleksakhin, R.M.; Ginzburg, L.R.; Mednik, I.G.; Prohorov, V.M.(1994) Sr-90 cycling in a forest biogeocenosis. Science of the Total Environment 157,83–93.
Aleksakhin, R.M.; Ginzburg, L.R.; Mednik, I.G.; Prohorov, V.M.(1976) Model of Sr-90 cycling in a forest biogeocenose. The Soviet Journal of Ecology 7,195–202.
Mednik, I.G.; Tikhomirov, F.A.; Prohorov, V.M.; Karaban, R.T.(1981) Model of 90Sr migration in young birch and pine forests. Soviet Journal of Ecology 40–45.
Arkhipov, N.P.; Meshalkin, G.S.; Arkhipov, A.N.; et al.(l992) Measures (and their Effectiveness) to Improve the Radioecological Situation Given the Particular Features of the Contamination Caused by the Kyshtym and Chernobyl Accidents, in Proceedings of Seminar on Comparative Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Radio nuclides Released during Three Major Nuclear Accidents: Kyshtym, Windscale, Chernobyl, EUR-13574. Luxembourg, 977–992.
Block, J.; Pimpl, M.(1990) Cycling of radiocesium in two forest ecosystems in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate. in Desmet, G. et al. Transfer of Radionuclides in Natural and SemiNatural Environments, Elsevier.
Maubert, H.; Duret, F.; Combes, C.; Roussel, S.(1990) Behaviour of the radionuclides deposited after the Chernobyl accident in a mountain ecosystem of the French southern Alps, in Desmet G. et al. Transfer of Radionuclides in Natural and Semi-Natural Environments, Elsevier.
Romanov, G.N.; Stukin, D.A.; Aleksakhin, R.M.(1991) “Peculiarities of Sr-90 Migration in the Environment,” in Proceedings of Seminar on Comparative Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Radionuclide Released during Three Major Nuclear Accidents: Kyshtym, Windscale, Chernobyl, EUR- 13574. Luxembourg, 421–436.
Yushkov, P.I., Chueva, T.A., Karavaeva, E.N.; Molchanova, I.V.; Kulikov, N.V.(1993) Contents Of 137+137Cs and 90Sr in the crown of birch trees in the first years after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Soviet Ecology: 70–74.
Vovk, I.F.; Blagoev, V. V.; Lyashenko, A.N.; Kovalev, I.S.(1993) Technical approaches to decontamination of terrestrial environments in the CIS (former USSR). Science of the Total Environment 137,49–64.
Arapis, G.; Millan, R.; Iranzo, E.(1991) Comparison of the countermeasures taken for the recovery of rural areas contaminated by radioactivity, in Proceedings of Seminar on Comparative Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Radionuclide Released during Three Major Nuclear Accidents: Kyshtym, Windscale, Chernobyl, EUR-13574. Luxembourg 1057–1069.
Jouve, A.; Schulte, E.; Bon, P.; Cardot, A.L.(1993) Mechanical and physical removing of soil and plants agricultural mitigation techniques, Science of the Total Environment 137,6579.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schell, W.R., Linkov, I. (1996). A Modeling Approach to Remediation of Forests Contaminated by Radionuclides. In: Luykx, F.F., Frissel, M.J. (eds) Radioecology and the Restoration of Radioactive-Contaminated Sites. NATO ASI Series, vol 13. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0301-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0301-2_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6620-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-0301-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive