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Adrenals

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Clinical Endocrinology of Dogs and Cats

Abstract

The adrenals are paired structures, situated craniomedial to the kidneys. Each consists of two functionally distinct endocrine glands of different embryological origin. The center of each gland, the medulla, comprises coalesced chromaffin cells of neuroectodermal origin that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine. The surrounding cortex arises from mesoderm and histologically three zones can be distinguished: (1) zona glomerulosa (or arcuata), (2) zona fasciculata, and (3) zona reticularis (Fig. 4–1).

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  1. Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Prof. Dr. A. Rijnberk

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  1. Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    A. Rijnberk

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Rijnberk, A. (1996). Adrenals. In: Rijnberk, A. (eds) Clinical Endocrinology of Dogs and Cats. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0105-6_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0105-6_4

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