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Thermochemical Data for Free Radicals from Studies of Ions

  • Chapter
Energetics of Organic Free Radicals

Abstract

Radicals occur widely in chemistry, playing a vital role in many important liquid, solid-state and gas-phase reactions [1]. A radical is a chemical species containing one or more unpaired electrons and may be either charged (radical cation or radical anion) or uncharged (free radical). A biradical, or diradical, is a species containing two separate free electrons. Because radicals are highly reactive they are generally difficult to isolate and detect, and when they can be isolated they are usually present in very low concentrations, making any direct experimental observation quite demanding.

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Authors
  1. John C. Traeger
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  2. Barbara M. Kompe
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química e Bioquímica Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1700, Lisboa, Portugal

    José Arthur Martinho Simões

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, Charlotte, NC, USA

    Arthur Greenberg

  3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 21228, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Joel F. Liebman

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© 1996 Chapman & Hall

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Traeger, J.C., Kompe, B.M. (1996). Thermochemical Data for Free Radicals from Studies of Ions. In: Martinho Simões, J.A., Greenberg, A., Liebman, J.F. (eds) Energetics of Organic Free Radicals. Structure Energetics and Reactivity in Chemistry Series (SEARCH series), vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0099-8_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0099-8_3

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