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Physico-Chemical Principles of Color Chemistry pp 254–292Cite as

Genotoxicity of azo dyes: Bases and implications

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Part of the book series: Advances in Color Chemistry Series ((ACCS,volume 4))

Abstract

Genotoxicity is a general term employed by genetic toxicologists when referring to adverse interactions between DNA and various substances to produce a hereditable change in the cell or organism. In humans, such changes are associated with birth defects, carcinogenesis, teratogenesis, and other types of diseases. It is generally believed that interactions with DNA which cause mutations to occur constitute the early events leading to hereditable changes. Consequently, much of the experimental work in this area has been devoted to mutagenicity testing. This approach is used as a cost-effective and relatively quick way to predict the potential carcinogenicity of organic substances. Although the genotoxicity of azo dyes has been the subject of numerous publications since the carcinogenicity of benzidine towards humans was first confirmed, this subject continues to be extremely important. It is interesting to note, however, that very little of the reported work on this subject appears to be aimed at developing data useful to dyestuff chemists in the design of non-genotoxic dyes. Rather, it is evident that much of the generated data are intended for use in formulating databases that can be used by regulatory agencies in predicting the potential health risks of proposed (new) and existing commercial dyes. This chapter, while by no means presented as an exhaustive treatment of the subject, contains a summary of recent literature, along with examples of how this information has been used to design non-mutagenic azo dyes and aromatic amines, and will be presented more from the perspective of a dyestuff chemist rather than a genetic toxicologist.

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Authors
  1. H. S. Freeman
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  2. D. Hinks
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  3. J. Esancy
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK

    A. T. Peters

  2. Dept. of Textile Engineering, Chemistry & Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA

    H. S. Freeman

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© 1996 Chapman & Hall

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Freeman, H.S., Hinks, D., Esancy, J. (1996). Genotoxicity of azo dyes: Bases and implications. In: Peters, A.T., Freeman, H.S. (eds) Physico-Chemical Principles of Color Chemistry. Advances in Color Chemistry Series, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0091-2_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0091-2_7

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