Skip to main content

The Economic Impact of Diversifying the Genetic Resistance to Leaf Rust Disease in Modern Bread Wheats

  • Chapter
Farmers Gene Banks and Crop Breeding: Economic Analyses of Diversity in Wheat Maize and Rice
  • 347 Accesses

Abstract

The economic importance of the rust disease of wheat is without question. The rusts are major historical diseases of wheat and developing genetic resistance to them has been an objective of plant breeding programs since the turn of this century (e.g., Howard and Howard, 1909; Lupton, 1987; Macindoe and Brown, 1968).1 Periodic rust epidemics were common in most decades of this century, although genetic manipulation of resistance genes over the last 40 years has resulted in more stable patterns of resistance (Singh and Dubin, 1997). Genetic resistance, rather than use of fungicides, remains the principal means of controlling the wheat rusts. This is especially true in wheat-producing countries of the developing world, where the costs of controlling disease outbreaks are relatively high.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Agrios, G. N. 1988. Plant Pathology Third edition. New York: Academic Press. Barclay, A. 1892. Rust and mildew in India. The Journal of Botany 30:1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borlaug, N. E. 1968. Wheat breeding and its impact on world food supply. Paper presented at the Third International Wheat Genetics Symposium, 5–9 August, Canberra, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, J. P., and D. Byerlee. 1991. The rate of crop varietal replacement on farms: Measures and empirical results for wheat. Plant Varieties and Seeds 4: 99 – 106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, J. P., G. M. Murray, and B. J. Ballantyne. 1994. Assessing the Economic Importance of Disease Resistance in Wheat. NSW Agriculture, Agricultural Research Institution, Wagga Wagga. Final Report to the Grains Research and Development Corporation, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byerlee, D., and P. Moya. 1993. Impacts of International Wheat Breeding Research in the Developing World, 1966–90. Mexico, D.F.: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT).

    Google Scholar 

  • Byerlee, D., and G. Traxler. 1995. National and international wheat improvement research in the post- green revolution period: Evolution and impacts. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 11(2): 268 – 278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caldwell, R. M. 1968. Breeding for general and/or specific plant disease resistance. In K. W. Finlay and K. W. Shepherd (eds.), Proceedings of Third International Wheat Genetics Symposium. Canberra, Australia: Australian Academy of Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, M. 1995. The economics of productivity maintenance research: A case study of wheat leaf rust resistance breeding in Pakistan. Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dubin, H. J., and E. Torres. 1981. Causes and consequences of the 1976–77 wheat leaf rust epidemic in northwest Mexico. Annual Review of Phytopathology19: 41 – 49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evenson, R. E. 1998. Crop-loss data and trait value estimates for rice in Indonesia. In R. E. Evenson, D. Gollin, and V. Santaniello (eds.), Agricultural Values of Plant Genetic Resources. Wallingford: CAB International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flores, D. V. 1997. Analysis ofYaqui Valley Wheat Production—On-Farm Diagnostic Study, 1981–1996. Economics Program internal document. Mexico, D.F.: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gittinger, J. P. 1982. Economic Analysis of Agricultural Projects. Second Edition. Published for the Economic Development Institute of the World Bank. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heim, M. N., and L. Blakeslee. 1986. Biological Adaptation and Research Impacts on Wheat Yields in Washington. Pullman, Washington: College of Agriculture and Home Economics, Washington State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heisey, P. W., and J. P. Brennan. 1991. An analytical model of farmers’ demand for replacement seed. American Journal of Agricultural Economics73: 1044 – 1052.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howard, A., and G. L. C. Howard. 1909. Wheat in India: Its Production, Varieties and Improvement. Calcutta: Thacker, Spink and Company, for the Imperial Department of Agriculture in India.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan, M. A. 1987. Wheat Variety Development and Longevity of Rust Resistance. Lahore: Government of the Punjab Agriculture Department.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kilpatrick, R. A. 1975. New Wheat Varieties and Longevity of Rust Resistance, 1971–5. ARS-NE-4. Beltsville: Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lupton, F. G. H. 1987. History of wheat breeding. In F. G. H. Lupton (ed.), Wheat Breeding: Its Scientific Basis. London: Chapman and Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macindoe, S. L., and C. W. Brown. 1968. Wheat Breeding and Varieties in Australia. Science Bulletin No. 76. Third edition. Sydney: New South Wales Department of Agriculture.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, M. L., H. J. Dubin, and T. Pokhrel. Returns to wheat breeding research in Nepal. 1994. Agricultural Economics10: 269 – 282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nagarajan, S., and L. M. Joshi. 1975. An historical account of wheat rust epidemics in India and their significance. In J. G. Manners (ed.) Cereal Rusts Bulletin3(2): 29 – 33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagarajan, S., and L. M. Joshi. 1985. Epidemiology in the Indian Subcontinent. In A. P. Roelfs and W. R. Bushnell (eds.), Diseases, Distribution, Epidemiology, and Control. Vol. 2 of The Cereal Rusts. London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagy, J. G. 1984. The Pakistan agricultural development model: An economic evaluation of agricultural research and expenditures. Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Research Council, Committee on Genetic Vulnerability of Major Crops. 1972. Genetic Vulnerability of Major Crops. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oerke, E.-C., H.-W. Dehne, F. Schonbeck, and A. Weber. 1994. Crop Production and Crop Protection: Estimated Losses in Major Food and Cash Crops. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plucknett, D. L., and N. J. H. Smith. 1986. Sustaining agricultural yields. Bioscience36 (1): 40 – 45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Priestley, R. H., and R. A. Bayles. 1988. Contribution and value of resistant varieties and disease control in cereals. In B. B. Clifford and E. Lester (eds.), Costs and Benefits of Disease Control

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajaram, S., R. P. Singh, and E. Torres. 1988. Current CIMMYT approaches to breeding for rust resistance. In N. W. Simmonds and S. Rajaram (eds.), Breeding Strategies to the Rusts of Wheat. Mexico, D.F.: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajaram, S., R. P. Singh, and M. van Ginkel. 1996. Approaches to breed wheat for wide adaptation, rust resistance and drought. In R. A. Richards, C. W. Wrigley, H. M. Rawon, C. J. Rebetzke, J. L. Davidson and R. I. S. Brettell (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th Assembly of the Wheat Breeding Society of Australia, 29 Sept. 4 Oct. 1996. Canberra, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rejesus, R., M. Smale, and M. van Ginkel. 1997. Wheat breeders’ perspectives on genetic diversity and germplasm use: Findings from an international survey. Plant Varieties and Seeds9: 129 – 147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelfs, A. P. 1988. Resistance to leaf and stem rusts in wheat. In N. W. Simmonds and S. Rajaram (eds.), Breeding Strategies for Resistance to the Rusts of Wheat. Mexico, D.F.: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT).

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelfs, A. P., and W. R. Bushnell (eds.). 1986. Diseases, Distribution, Epidemiology, and Control. Vol. 2 of The Cereal Rusts. London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sayre, K. D., R. P. Singh, J. Huerta-Espino, and S. Rajaram. 1998. Genetic progress in reducing losses to leaf rust in CIMMYT-derived Mexican spring wheat cultivars. Crop Science 38:654–659.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, R. P., and H. Jesse Dubin. 1997 Sustainable control of wheat diseases in Mexico. In Memorias de ler Simposio Internacional de Trigo, 7–9 April, 1997, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, Mexico. Mexico, D.F.: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT).

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, R. P. and J. Huerta-Espino. 1995. Inheritance of seedling and adult plant resistance of leaf rust in wheat cultivars Ciano 79 and Papago 96. Plant Disease 79(1): 35–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Smale, M. 1996. Understanding Global Trends in the Use of Wheat Diversity and International Flows of Wheat Genetic Resources. Economics Working Paper 96–02. Mexico, D. F.: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stakman, E. C., J. G. Harrar. 1957. Principles of Plant Pathology. New York: The Ronald Press Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanderplank, J. E. 1963. Plant Diseases: Epidemics and Control. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Melinda Smale

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Smale, M., Singh, R.P. (1998). The Economic Impact of Diversifying the Genetic Resistance to Leaf Rust Disease in Modern Bread Wheats. In: Smale, M. (eds) Farmers Gene Banks and Crop Breeding: Economic Analyses of Diversity in Wheat Maize and Rice. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0011-0_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0011-0_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-8370-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-0011-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics