Abstract
The Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multi-pollutant Exchange model (FRAME) was applied to model the spatial distribution of air concentration and deposition of nitrogen (N) compounds between 1990 and 2005. Modelled wet deposition of N was found to decrease more slowly than the emissions reductions rate. This is attributed to a number of factors including increases in NOx emissions from international shipping and changing rates of atmospheric oxidation. The modelled deposition of NOy and NHx to the United Kingdom (UK) was estimated to fall by 52 % and 25 % between 1970 and 2020. The percentage of the UK surface area for which critical loads for sensitive ecosystems are exceeded was estimated to fall from 73–49 % for nutrient N deposition. Comparison with model simulations at 1 km and 5 km resolution demonstrated that fine scale simulations are important in order to spatially separate agricultural source regions from sink areas (nature reserves) for ammonia dry deposition.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Dore, A. J., Vieno, M., Fournier, N., Weston, K. J., & Sutton, M. A. (2006). Development of a new wind rose for the British Isles using radiosonde data and application to an atmospheric transport model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132, 2769–2784.
Dore, A. J., Vieno, M., Tang, Y. S., Dragosits, U., Dosio, A., Weston, K. J., & Sutton, M. A. (2007). Modelling the atmospheric transport and deposition of sulphur and nitrogen over the United Kingdom and assessment of the influence of SO2 emissions from international shipping. Atmospheric Environment, 41, 2355–2367.
Fournier, N., Weston, K. J., Dore, A. J., & Sutton, M. A. (2005). Modelling the wet deposition of reduced nitrogen over the British Isles using a Lagrangian multi-layer atmospheric transport model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 131, 703–722.
Fowler, D., Smith, R. I., Müller, J. B. A., Hayman, G., & Vincent, K. J. (2005). Changes in atmospheric deposition of acidifying compounds in the UK between 1986 and 2001. Environmental Pollution, 137, 15–25.
Fowler, D., Smith, R., Müller, J., Cape, J. N., Sutton, M., Erisman, J. W., & Fagerli, H. (2007). Long-term trends in sulphur and nitrogen deposition in Europe and the cause of non-linearities. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 7(1-3), 41–47.
Hall, J., Ullyett, J., Heywood, E., Broughton, R., & Fawehinmi, J. (2003). Preliminary assessment of critical loads exceedance. Addendum to: Status of UK critical loads-methods, data and maps. Unpublished report.
Matejko, M., Dore, A. J., Hall, J., Dore, C. J., Błaś, M., Kryza, M., Smith, R., & Fowler, D. (2009). The influence of long term trends in pollutant emissions on deposition of sulphur and nitrogen and exceedance of critical loads in the United Kingdom. Environmental Science & Policy, 12, 882–896.
Sutton, M. A., Sheppard, L. J., & Fowler, D. (2009). Potential for the further development and application of critical levels to assess the environmental impacts of ammonia. In: M. A. Sutton, S. Reis, S. M. H. Baker (Eds.) Atmospheric Ammonia: Detecting emission changes and environmental impacts (chap. 3; pp. 41-48). Springer.
Simpson D., Fagerli H., Jonson, J. E., Tsyro, S., Wind P., & Tuovinen, J. P. (2003). Transboundary acidification, eutrofication and ground level ozone in Europe. Part 1. Unified EMEP Model Description. EMEP/MSC-W Report 1/03. Blindern : Norwegian Meteorological Institute.
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the UK Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and the Devolved Administrations as well as the Natural Environment Research Council.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dore, A. et al. (2014). Regional Scale Modelling of the Concentration and Deposition of Oxidised and Reduced Nitrogen in the UK. In: Sutton, M., Mason, K., Sheppard, L., Sverdrup, H., Haeuber, R., Hicks, W. (eds) Nitrogen Deposition, Critical Loads and Biodiversity. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7939-6_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7939-6_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-7938-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-7939-6
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)