Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Late Cenozoic Climate Change in Asia pp 435–490Cite as

Mammalian Evolution in Asia Linked to Climate Changes

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research ((DPER,volume 16))

Abstract

The environmental significances of climate change as reflected in the evolution of mammalian fauna, including humans ,in China during the Cenozoic are reviewed in this chapter. The mammal distributions and evolution of mammalian zoogeographic provinces in China during the Cenozoic are suggested to be significantly affected by the Asian monsoon development and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. The evolutionary history of these mammals is linked to different habitat scenarios in central China related to the development of the Asian monsoon-arid environment system. Some mammals are sensitive to the Asian summer and winter monsoon variations. Early humans are quite adapted to the wide environmental changes in East Asia during the Quaternary.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • An ZS, Ho CK (1989) New magnetostratigraphic dates of Lantian Homo erectus. Quatern Res 32:213–221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • An ZS, Kutzbach JE, Prell WL, Porter SC (2001) Evolution of Asian monsoons and phased uplift of the Himalayan Tibetan plateau since Late Miocene times. Nature 411(6833):62–66

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • An ZS, Wang SM, Wu XH, Chen MY, Sun DH, Liu XM, Wang FB, Li L, Sun YB, Zhou WJ, Zhou J, Liu XD, Lu HY, Zhang YX, Dong GG, Qiang XK (1999) Eolian evidence from the Chinese Loess Plateau: the onset of the Late Cenozoic Great Glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau uplift forcing. Science in China 42(3):258–271

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • An ZS, Huang YS, Liu WG, Guo ZT, Clemens S, Li L, Prell W, Ning YF, Cai YJ, Zhou WJ, Lin BH, Zhang QL, Cao YN, Qiang XK, Chang H, Wu ZK (2005) Multiple expansions of C4 plant biomass in East Asia since 7 Ma coupled with strengthened monsoon circulation. Geology 33:705–708

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ao H (2010) Mineral-magnetic signal of long-term climatic variation in Pleistocene fluvio-lacustrine sediments, Nihewan Basin (North China). J Asian Earth Sci 39:692–700

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ao H, Dekkers MJ, Deng CL, Zhu RX (2009) Paleoclimatic significance of the Xiantai fluvio-lacustrine sequence in the Nihewan Basin (North China), based on rock magnetic properties and clay mineralogy. Geophysical J Intern 177(3):913–924

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ao H, Deng CL, Dekkers MJ, Sun YB, Liu QS, Zhu RX (2010a) Pleistocene environmental evolution in the Nihewan Basin and implication for early human colonization of North China. Quatern Int 223–224:472–478

    Google Scholar 

  • Ao H, Deng CL, Dekkers MJ, Liu QS, Qin L, Xiao GQ, Chang H (2010b) Astronomical dating of the Xiantai, Donggutuo and Maliang Paleolithic sites in the Nihewan Basin (North China) and implications for early human evolution in East Asia. Palaeogeograp Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 297(1):129–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ao H, Dekkers MJ, Wei Q, Qiang XK, Xiao GQ (2013) New evidence for early presence of hominids in North China. Scientific Reports 3:2403, Doi 10.1038/Srep02403

    Google Scholar 

  • Barbour GB (1925) The deposits of the Sankanho Valley. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China 4, 53–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Brunet M, Guy F, Pilbeam D, Mackaya HT, Likius A, Ahounta D, Beauvilain A, Blondel C, Bocherens H, Boisserie JR, DeBonis L, Coppens Y, Dejax J, Denys C, Duringer P, Eisenmann V, Fanone G, Fronty P, Geraads D, Lehmann T, Lihoreau F, Louchart A, Mahamat A, Merceron G, Mouchelin G, Otero O, Campomanes PP, PonceDeLeon M, Rage J, Sapanet M, Schuster M, Sudre J, Tassy P, Valentin X, Vignaud P, Viriot L, Zazzo A, Zollikofer C (2002) A new hominid from the Upper Miocene of Chad, Central Africa. Nature 418:145–151

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cande SC, Kent DV (1995) Revised calibration of the geomagnetic polarity timescale for the late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. J Geophys Res 100:6093–6095

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cerdeño E, Sánchez B (2000) Intraspecific variation and evolutionary trends of Alicornops simorrense (Rhinocerotidae) in Spain. Zool Scr 29(4):275–305

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen TM, Yuan S. (1988) Uranium-series dating of bone and teeth from Chinese palaeolithicsites. Archaeometry 30:59–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen TM, Hedges REM, Yuan ZX. (1992) The second batch of accelerator radiocarbon dates for upper cave site of Zhoukoudian. Acta Anthropologica Sinica 11:112–116 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen TM, Yang Q, Wu E. (1994) Antiquity of Homo sapiens in China. Nature 368:55–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen TM, Yang Q, Hu YQ, Bao WB, Li TY. (1997) ESR dating of tooth enamel from Yunxian Homo erectus site, China. Quaternary Science Reviews 16:455–458

    Google Scholar 

  • deMenocal PB (1995) Pliopleistocene African climate. Science 270(5233):53–59

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng CL, Shaw J, Liu QS, Pan YX, Zhu RX (2006a) Mineral magnetic variation of the Jingbian loess/paleosol sequence in the northern Loess Plateau of China: implications for Quaternary development of Asian aridification and cooling. Earth Planet Sci Lett 241:248–259

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng CL, Wei Q, Zhu RX, Wang HQ, Zhang R, Ao H, Chang L, Pan YX (2006b) Magnetostratigraphic age of the Xiantai Paleolithic site in the Nihewan Basin and implications for early human colonization of Northeast Asia. Earth Planet Sci Lett 244(1–2):336–348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng CL, Xie F, Liu CC, Ao H, Pan YX, Zhu RX (2007) Magnetochronology of the Feiliang Paleolithic site in the Nihewan Basin and implications for early human adaptability to high northern latitudes in East Asia. Geophysical Research Letters 34:L14301, doi:10.1029/2007GL030335

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng CL, Zhu RX, Zhang R, Ao H, Pan YX (2008) Timing of the Nihewan formation and faunas. Quatern Res 69:77–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deng T (1999) Historical distribution of Equus przewalskii and its control by climate fluctuation. Acta Theriologica Sinica 19:10–16 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng T, Downs W (2002) Evolution of Chinese Neogene Rhinocerotidae and its response to climatic variations. Acta Geol Sin 76:139–145

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng T, Wang XM, Ni XJ, Liu LP (2004a) Sequence of the Cenozoic mammalian faunas of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China. Acta Geol Sin 78(1):8–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng T, Wang XM, Ni XJ, Liu LP, Liang Z (2004b) Cenozoic stratigraphic sequence of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China and its evidence from mammal fossils. Vertebrata Palasiatica 42:45–66 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ding ZL, Derbyshire E, Yang SL, Sun JM, Liu TS (2005) Stepwise expansion of desert environment across northern China in the past 3.5 Ma and implications for monsoon evolution. Earth Planet Sci Lett 237:45–55

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ding ZL, Derbyshire E, Yang SL, Yu ZW, Xiong SF, Liu TS (2002) Stacked 2.6-Ma grain size record from the Chinese loess based on five sections and correlation with the deep-sea δ18O record. Paleoceanography 17:1033. doi:1010.1029/2001PA000725

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Etler DA (1996) The fossil evidence for human evolution in Asia. Annual Review of Anthropology 25:275–301

    Google Scholar 

  • Fan MJ, Dettman DL, Song CH, Fang XM, Garzione CN. (2007) Climatic variation in the Linxia basin, NE Tibetan Plateau, from 13.1 to 4.3 Ma: The stable isotope record. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 247:313–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Fang XM, Garzione C, Van der Voo R, Li JJ, Fan MJ (2003) Flexural subsidence by 29 Ma on the NE edge of Tibet from the magnetostratigraphy of Linxia Basin, China. Earth Planet Sci Lett 210(3–4):545–560.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferring R, Oms O, Agusti J, Berna F, Nioradze M, Shelia T, Tappen M, Vekua A, Zhvania D, Lordkipanidze D (2011) Earliest human occupations at Dmanisi (Georgian Caucasus) dated to 1.85–1.78 Ma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108(26):10432–10436

    Google Scholar 

  • Flynn LJ, Tedford RH, Qiu ZX (1991) Enrichment and stability in the pliocene mammalian fauna of north China. Paleobiology 17(3):246–265

    Google Scholar 

  • Flynn LJ, Wu W, Downs WR (1997) Dating vertebrate microfaunas in the late Neogene record of Northern China. Palaeogeograp PalaeoclimatoL PalaeoecoL 133(3-4):227–242

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flynn LJ, Qiu ZX, Opdyke ND, Tedford RH (1995) Ages of key fossil assemblages in the late Neogene terrestrial record of northern China, in Geochronology, time scales, and global stratigraphic correlation, W. Berggren, D. Kent, M. P. Aubry and J. Hardenbol (eds.), pp. 365-373, Society for Economic Paleontology and Mineralogy Special Publication

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabunia L, Vekua A, Lordkipanidze D, Swisher CC, Ferring R, Justus A, Nioradze M, Tvalchrelidze M, Anton SC, Bosinski G, Joris O, de Lumley MA, Majsuradze G, Mouskhelishvili A (2000) Earliest Pleistocene hominid cranial remains from Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia: Taxonomy, geological setting, and age. Science 288:1019–1025

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris N (2006) The elevation history of the Tibetan Plateau and its implications for the Asian monsoon. Palaeogeograp Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 241(1):4–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hedges REM, Housley RA, Bronk CR, Van Klinken GJ (1992) Radiocarbon dates from the Oxford AMS system: Archaeometry Datelist 14. Archaeometry 34:141–159

    Google Scholar 

  • Hou YM, Potts R, Yuan BY, Guo ZT, Deino A, Wang W, Clark J, Xie GM, Huang WW (2000) Mid-Pleistocene Acheulean-like stone technology of the Bose basin, South China. Science 287:1622–1626

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Howell FC, Petter G (1985) Comparative observations on some Middle and Upper Miocene Hyaenids. Genera: Percrocuta Kretzoi, Allohyaena Kretzoi, Adcrocuta Kretzoi (Mammalia, Carnivora, Hyaenidae). Geobios-Lyon 18(4):419–476

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang PH (1995) Evolutional process and depositional cycles of Peking man cave in relation to the living environments of Peking Man. Acta Anthropologica Sinica 14:101–109 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang WP, Tang YJ (1974) Observation on the later Cenozoic of Nihewan Basin. Vertebrata Palasiatica 12:99–110 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang WW, Dong GR, Hou YM (2004) Stratigraphic, chronological and ecological contexts of Pleistocene Hom o sapiens Homo sapiens of Sjara-Osso-Gol site, Ordos Plateau of North China. Acta Anthropologica Sinica 23:258–271 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ji HX (1975) The lower Pleistoecne mammalian fossils of Lantian district, Shaanxi. Vertebrata Palasiatica 13:169–177 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jia L, Wei Q, Li C (1979) Report on the excavation of Hsuchiayao Man Site in 1976. Vertebrata Palasiatica 17:277–293 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jia LP, Wei Q (1976) Xujiayao Palaeolithic Site, in Yanggao County, Shanxi Province. Archaeol Bull 2:97–114 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Løvlie R, Su P, Fan XZ, Zhao ZJ, Liu C (2001) A revised paleomagnetic age of the Nihewan Group at the Xujiayao Palaeolithic Site, China. Quatern Sci Rev 20:1341–1353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larick R, Ciochon RL, Zaim Y, Suminto S, Rizal Y, Aziz F, Reagan M, Heizler M (2001) Early Pleistocene 40Ar/39Ar ages for Bapang Formation hominins, Central Jawa, Indonesia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98(9), 4866–4871

    Google Scholar 

  • Li CK (1978) Two new lagomorphs from the Miocene of Lantian, Shensi. Profess Paper Stratigraph Paleontol 7:143–148 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Q, Zheng SH, Cai BQ (2008) Pliocene biostratigraphic sequence in the Nihewan Basin, Hebei, China. Vertebrata Palasiatica 46:210–232 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Y (1984) The early Pleistocene mammalian fossils of Danangou, Yuxian, Hebei. Vertebrata Palasiatica 22:60–68 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li YH, Han DF (1959) Beast bones in the Neolithic relic of Banpo, Xi’An, Shaanxi. Paleovertebrata et Paleoanthropologia 1959:166–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Li YX, Ji HX (1981) Environmental change in Peking Mans Time. Vertebrata Palasiatica 19:337–347 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li YX, Xue XX (2008) The microtine distribution and its environmental significance since the Middle Pleistocene in Zhangping Caves of the Qinling Mountains. Science in China 51(2):294–299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li YX, Zhang YX, Xue XX (2012) The composition of three mammal faunas and environmental evolution in the last glacial maximum, Guanzhong area, Shaanxi Province, China. Quaternary International 248:86–91

    Google Scholar 

  • Lisiecki LE, Raymo ME (2005) A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ18O records. Paleoceanography 20, PA1003, doi:1010.1029/2004PA001071

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu CR, Yin GM, Gao L, Bahain JJ, Li JP, et al (2010a) ESR dating of Pleistocene archaeological localities of the Nihewan Basin, North China - Preliminary results. Quaternary Geochronology 5:385–390

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu P, Deng CL, Li SH, Zhu RX (2010c) Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Huojiadi Paleolithic site in the Nihewan Basin, North China. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 298:399–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu P, Deng CL, Li SF, Cai SH, Cheng HJ, Yuan BY, Wei Q, Zhu RX (2012) Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Xiashagou Fauna and implication for sequencing the mammalian faunas in the Nihewan Basin, North China. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 315–316:75–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu TS, Li CK, Zhai RJ (1978) Pliocene vertebrates of Lantian, Shensi. Profess Paper Stratigraphical Paleontology 7:149–200 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu W, Jin C-Z, Zhang Y-Q, Cai Y-J, Xing S, et al. (2010b) Human remains from Zhirendong, South China, and modern human emergence in East Asia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107:19201-6

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie JS, King JW, Fang XM (2008) Link between benthic oxygen isotopes and magnetic susceptibility in the red-clay sequence on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Geophysical Research Letters 35(3), L03703, doi:03710.01029/02007GL032817

    Google Scholar 

  • Potts R (1996) Evolution and climate variability. Science 273:922–923

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Potts R (1998) Environmental hypotheses of hominin evolution. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 41:93–136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qi GQ, Dong W (2006) Lufengpithecus hudienensis Site, Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qian F, Zhang JX, Yin WD (1980) Magnetostratigraphic study on the cave deposits containing fossil Peking Man at Zhoukoudian. Chinese Science Bulletin 25:359

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZD, Li CK (2005) Evolution of Chinese mammalian faunal regions and elevation of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau. Science in China 48(8):1246–1258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZD, Li CK, Wang SJ (1981) Miocene mammalian fossils from Xining Basin, Qinghai. Vertebrata Palasiatica 19:156–173 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX (1973) A new genus of giant rhinoceros from Oligocene of Dzungaria, Sinkiang. Vertebrata Palasiatica 11:182–191 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX (2000) Nihewan fauna and Q/N boundary in China. Quat Sci 20:142–154 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX, Guan J (1986) A lower molar of Pliopithecus from Tongxin, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Acta Anthropologica Sinica 5:201–207 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX, Qiu ZD (1990) Neogene local mammalian faunas: succession and ages. J Stratigrap 14:241–260

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX, Qiu ZD (1995) Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeograp Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 116(1–2):41–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX, Xie JY (1997) A new species of Aprotodon (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerot idae) from Lanzhou Basin, Gansu, China. Vertebrata Palasiatica 35:250–267 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX, Wang BY (1999) Allacerops (Rhinocerotoidea, Perissodactyla), its discovery in China and its systematic position. Vertebrata Palasiatica 37:48–61 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX, Xie JY, Yan DF (1988) A New Chilothere skull from Hezheng, Gansu, China, with special reference to the Chinese “Diceratherium”. Science in China 31(4):493–504

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX, Wang BY, Xie JY (1998) Mid-Tertiary chalicothere (Perissodactyla) fossils from Lanzhou, Gansu, China. Vertebrata Palasiatica 36:297–318. (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu ZX, Deng T, Wang BY (2004) Early Pleistocene Mammalian Fauna from Longdan, Dongxiang, Gansu, China, Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Raymo ME (1994) The initiation of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 22:353–383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shang H, Tong HW, Zhang SQ, Chen FY, Trinkaus E (2007) An early modern human from tianyuan cave, zhoukoudian, china. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104:6573–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Shen GJ, Fang YS, Bischoff JL, Feng YX, Zhao JX (2010) Mass spectrometric U-series dating of the Chaoxian hominin site at Yinshan, eastern China. Quaternary International 211:24–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Swisher CC, Curtis GH, Jacob T, Getty AG, Suprijo A (1994) Age of the earliest known hominids in Java, Indonesia. Science 263(5150):1118–1121

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tang YJ (1980) Note on a small collection of early Pleistocene mammalian fossils from northern Hebei. Vertebrata Palasiatica 18:314–323 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang YJ, Ji HX (1983) A Pliocene-Pleistocene transitional fauna from Yuxian, northern Hebei. Vertebrata Palasiatica 21:245–254 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang YJ, Li Y, Chen WY (1995) Mammalian fossils and the age of Xiaochangliang paleolithic site of Yangyuan, Hebei. Vertebrata Palasiatica 33:74–83 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Teford RH, Flynn LL, Qiu ZX, Opdyke ND, Downs WR (1991) Yushe Basin, China: Paleomagnetically calibrated mammalian biostratigraphic standard for the Late Neogene of Easterm Asia. J Vertebrate Paleontol 11:519–526

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teilhard de CP, Licent E (1924) On the discovery of a palaeolithic in north China. Bull Geol Soci China 3:45–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Teilhard de CP, Piveteau J (1930) Les mammiferes fossils de Nihowan (Chine). Annales de Paleontologie 19, 1–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Tong HW, Li H, Xie JY (2008) Revisions of some taxa of the Salawusu fauna from Sjara-Osso-Gol area, Neimongol, China. Quat Sci 28:1106–1113

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang AD (1982) Discovery of the Pliocene mammalian faunas from the Nihewan region and its significance. Chin Sci Bull 27:227–229

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang BY, Qiu ZX (2003) Aepyosciurinae: a new subfamily of Sciuridae (Rodentia, Mammalia) from basal loess deposits at the northeastern border of Tibetan Plateau. Chin Sci Bull 48(7):691–695

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang HQ, Deng CL, Zhu RX, Wei Q, Hou YM, Boeda E (2005) Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Donggutuo and Maliang Paleolithic sites in the Nihewan Basin, North China. Quatern Res 64(1):1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang HQ, Deng CL, Zhu RX, Xie F (2006) Paleomagnetic dating of the Cenjiawan Paleolithic site in the Nihewan Basin, northern China. Science in China 49:295–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang PX, Tian J, Cheng XR, Liu CL, Xu J (2004) Major Pleistocene stages in a carbon perspective: The South China Sea record and its global comparison. Paleoceanography 19, PA4005, doi:4010.1029/2003PA000991

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang YY, Xue XX, He RC (1985) Division of the Quaternary strata in the Loess district of north Shaanxi and east Kansu. Acta Geol Pol 46:102–117 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei, Q (1991) Geologic sequence of the archaeological sites in the Nihewan Basin, North China. In: IVPP (Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology) (Ed.), Contributions to the XIII INQUA. Beijing Scientific and Technological Publishing House, Beijing, pp. 61–73 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei Q (1994) Banshan Paleolithic site from the Lower Pleistocene in the Nihewan Basin in northern China. Acta Anthropologica Sinica 13:223–238 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei Q, Meng H, Cheng SQ (1985) New Paleolithic site from the Nihewan beds. Acta Anthropologica Sinica 4:223–232 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu RK, Ren ME, Zhu XM, Yang ZG, Hu CK, Kong SH, Xie YY, Zhao SS (1985) Multi-disciplinary Study of the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian, Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu WY, Ye J, Zhu BC (1991) On Alloptox (Lagomorpha, Ochotonidae) from the Middle Miocene of Tongxin, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. Vertebrata Palasiatica 29:204–229 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu WY, Meng J, Ye J (2003) The discovery of Pliopithecus from northern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang. Vertebrata Palasiatica 41:76–86 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiao J, Jin CZ, Zhu YZ (2002) Age of the fossil Dali Man in north-central China deduced from chronostratigraphy of the loess-paleosol sequence. Quatern Sci Rev 21:2191–2198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xie F (2006) Nihewan, Cultural Relics Publishing House, pp. 330, Beijing, China (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie F, Li J, Liu LQ (2006) Paleolithic archeology in the Nihewan Basin, pp. 278, Huashan Literature & Arts Presss, Shijiazhuang, China (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie JY, Xu JC (1988) Some mammalian fossils from Malan Loess, Huachi, Gansu. Vertebrata Palasiatica 26:149–152 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie JY, Gao SY, Dong GR, Li BS (1995) Zoocoenosium in Sara Wusu. J Desert Resear 15:313–322

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu QQ (1999) Mammals, geological age and nautral environment, in Homo erectus from Nanjing. R. K. Wu, X. X. Li, X. Z. Wu and X. N. Mu (eds.), pp. 280–285, Jiangsu Science and Technology Publishing House, Nanjing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu QQ, Ou YL (1982) Climatic changes during Peking Mans Time. Acta Anthropologca Sinica 1:80–90 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xue XX, Zhang YX, Yue LP (1995) Discovery and chronological division of the Hipparion Fauna in Laogaochuan village, Fugu County, Shaanxi. Chin Sci Bull 40(11):926–929

    Google Scholar 

  • Xue XX, Zhang YX, Yue LP (2006) Paleoenvironments indicated by the fossil mammalian assemblages from red clay-loess sequence in the Chinese Loess Plateau since 8.0 Ma BP. Science in China 49(5):518–530

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xue XX, Zhou WJ, Zhou J, Head J, Jull AJT (2000) Biological records of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment changes from Guanzhong area, Shaanxi Province during the last glacial maximum. Chin Sci Bull 45(9):853–857

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yan GL (1993) A prelimineary study on magnetic stratigraphy of the geological section with the fossil bed of Yunxian Homo of Hubei. Journal of China University of Geosciences 18:221–6 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • You YZ, Xu QQ (1981) The late Pleistocene mammalian faunas of northern China and correlation with deep-sea sediments. Vertebrata Palasiatica 19:77–86

    Google Scholar 

  • You YZ, Tang YJ, Li Y (1980) Discovery of the Palaeoliths from the Nihewan Formation. Quaternaria Sinica 5:1–11 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Young CC (1932) On a new ochot onid from north Suiyuan. Bull Geol Soci China 11:255–258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan BY (1978) Sedimentary environment and stratigraphical subdivision of Sjara-Osso-Goll Formation. Chinese J Geology 3:220–234 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuan BY, Zhu RX, Tian WL, Cui JX, Li RQ, Wang Q, Yan FH (1996) The age, subdivision and correlation of Nihean Group. Science in China 26:67–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuan FL, Do HJ (1984) Cenozoic Biostratigraphy in China, Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yue LP, Xue XX (1996) Paleaeomagnetism of Chinese Loess, Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zachos J, Pagani M, Sloan L, Thomas E, Billups K (2001) Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to present. Science 292(5517):686–693

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang RZ (1997) Distribution of mammalian species in China, Chinese Forestry Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YX, Xue XX, Yue LP (1995) Age and division of Neogene “red bed” of Laogaochuan, Fugu County, Shaanxi. J Stratigraphy 19:214–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YX, Yue LP, Cao HX (2002) The ecological sequence of Hipparion fauna in the middle reaches of the Yellow River during Neogene. Chin Sci Bull 47(1):79–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YX, Sun DH, An ZS, Xue XX (1999) Mammalian fossils from Late Pliocene (Lower MN 16) of Lingtai, Gansu Province. Vertebrata Palasiatica 37:190–199 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang ZQ, Zheng SH, Liu JB (2003) Pliocene micromammalian biostratigraphy of Nihewan Basin, with comments on the stratigraphic division. Vertebrata Palasiatica 41:306–313 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao JX, Hu K, Collerson KD, Xu HK (2001) Thermal ionization mass spectrometry U-series dating of a hominid site near Nanjing, China. Geology 29(1):27–30

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng SH (1982) Some Pliocene mammalian fossils from Songshan-2 and -3 (Tianzhu, Gansu) and the Songshan Fauna. Vertebrata Palasiatica 20:216–227 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng SH (1983) The Middle Pleistocene micromammalian fauna from Hexian man locality and its significance. Chin Sci Bull 28:237–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng SH, 1997. Evolution of the Mesosiphneinae (Siphneidae, Rodentia) and environmental change. In: Tong Y. S., Zhang YY, Wu WY et al. (eds.) Evidence for evolution-Essays in honor of Prof. Chungchien Young on the hundredth anniversary of his birth. Bejing: China Ocean Press. 137–150 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng SH, Zhang ZQ (2000) Late Miocene-early Pleistocene micromammals from Wenwanggou of Lingtai, Gansu, China. Vertebrata Palasiatica 38:58–71 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng SH, Zhang ZQ (2001) Late Miocene-early Pleistocene biostratigraphy of the Leijiahe area, Lingtai, Gansu. Vertebrata Palasiatica 39:215–228 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou MZ, Li CK (1965) Mammalian fossils in association with the mandible of Lantian Man at Chen-Chia-Wo, in Lantian, Shaanxi. Vertebrata Palasiatica 9:377–393 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou TR, Li HZ, Liu QS, Li RQ, Sun XP (1991) Cenozoic Paleogeography of the Nihewan Basin, pp. 1–162, China Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu RX, Deng CL, Pan YX (2007) Magnetochronology of the fluvio-lacustrine sequences in the Nihewan basin and its implications for early human colonization of Northeast Asia. Quat Sci 27:922–944 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu RX, An ZS, Potts R, Hoffman KA (2003) Magnetostratigraphic dating of early humans in China. Earth-Science Reviews 61:341–359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu RX, Potts R, Pan YX, Yao HT, Lu LQ, Zhao X, Gao X, Chen LW, Gao F, Deng CL (2008) Early evidence of the genus Homo in East Asia. J Hum Evol 55(6):1075–1085

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu RX, Hoffman KA, Potts R, Deng CL, Pan YX, Guo B, Shi CD, Guo ZT, Yuan BY, Hou YM, Huang WW (2001) Earliest presence of humans in northeast Asia. Nature 413:413–417

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu RX, Potts R, Xie F, Hoffman KA, Deng CL, Shi CD, Pan YX, Wang HQ, Shi RP, Wang YC, Shi GH, Wu NQ (2004) New evidence on the earliest human presence at high northern latitudes in northeast Asia. Nature 431:559–562

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, China

    Yongxiang Li & Yunxiang Zhang

  2. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100044, Beijing, China

    Xinzhi Wu

  3. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 10 Fenghui S. Rd, High-Tech Zone, Xi’an PO Box 17, 710075, Xi’an, China

    Hong Ao, Li Li & Zhisheng An

Authors
  1. Yongxiang Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yunxiang Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xinzhi Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hong Ao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Li Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zhisheng An
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yongxiang Li .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China

    Zhisheng An

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Wu, X., Ao, H., Li, L., An, Z. (2014). Mammalian Evolution in Asia Linked to Climate Changes. In: An, Z. (eds) Late Cenozoic Climate Change in Asia. Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research, vol 16. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7817-7_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation