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Biological Control of Invasive Plants in Protected Areas

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Plant Invasions in Protected Areas

Part of the book series: Invading Nature - Springer Series in Invasion Ecology ((INNA,volume 7))

Abstract

Classical weed biological control is widely used in natural areas. It is based on introduction of specialised natural enemies (herbivorous insects and fungal pathogens) from the weed’s native range. It can be used safely if specialised natural enemies are selected and can be highly effective in suppressing weeds over large areas. Agents used in modern projects typically have genus or species level specificity and are safe when proper risk analysis and procedures are followed. Agents spread over large areas and can move into hard-to-reach areas. If correctly selected, agents are safe for use in areas too ecologically sensitive for chemical or mechanical control. Costs are independent of area to be treated because agents are self-reproducing, and results are self-sustaining. Biological control is most appropriate for use against widespread weeds, difficult to control with other methods that occur in critical habitats and damage biodiversity or ecosystem function. Finding suitable agents is easier against weeds distantly related to local native plants. Such targets reduce risk to native flora, facilitate agent screening, lower cost, and increase likelihood of success. Projects should be partnerships between biological control scientists and conservation biologists, and biological control activities should be done within a comprehensive restoration plan for the ecosystem. In some cases, suppression of the invasive weed may be sufficient, but sometimes additional actions, such as replanting native species or modifying ecosystem processes such as fire or flooding regimes may be essential.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA

    Roy Van Driesche

  2. USDA, ARS, Invasive Plant Research, 3225 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33312, USA

    Ted Center

Authors
  1. Roy Van Driesche
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  2. Ted Center
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Roy Van Driesche or Ted Center .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. South African National Parks, Centre for Invasion Biology Conservation Services, Skukuza, South Africa

    Llewellyn C. Foxcroft

  2. Department of Invasion Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Institute of Botany, průhonice, Czech Republic

    Petr Pyšek

  3. Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University Center for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch, South Africa

    David M. Richardson

  4. ISPRA Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, and Chair IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group, Rome, Italy

    Piero Genovesi

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Van Driesche, R., Center, T. (2013). Biological Control of Invasive Plants in Protected Areas. In: Foxcroft, L., Pyšek, P., Richardson, D., Genovesi, P. (eds) Plant Invasions in Protected Areas. Invading Nature - Springer Series in Invasion Ecology, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7750-7_26

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