Abstract
Cellular senescence, a stress response triggered by multiple stimuli, results in a form of irreversible cell cycle arrest that can serve as a critical barrier for cancer development. Various studies have demonstrated the critical role of ARF/p53 pathways in the induction of cellular senescence by activation of oncogenic pathways through overexpression of oncogenes, such as Ras, or by inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, such as PTEN. Recent studies also uncover novel ARF/p53-independent cellular senescence pathways in restricting tumorigenesis. Given that ARF/p53 pathways play an essential role in tumor suppression and are often inactivated in human cancers through deficiency or mutations of ARF or p53, better understanding of these pathways governing the induction of senescence in human cancer will pave the ways for developing effective pro-senescence therapies. Thus, it’s important to screen current available drugs that stabilize p53 expression for the ability to target possibility that these Arf-p53 dependent pathways or by developing novel inhibitors to target the Arf-p53 independent pathways.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Acosta JC, Gil J (2012) Senescence: a new weapon for cancer therapy. Trends Cell Biol 22:211–219
Alimonti A, Nardella C, Chen Z et al (2010) A novel type of cellular senescence that can be enhanced in mouse models and human tumor xenografts to suppress prostate tumorigenesis. J Clin Invest 120:681–693
Back JH, Rezvani HR, Zhu Y et al (2011) Cancer cell survival following DNA damage-mediated premature senescence is regulated by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent inhibition of sirtuin 1. J Biol Chem 286:19100–19108
Bartkova J, Rezaei N, Liontos M et al (2006) Oncogene-induced senescence is part of the tumorigenesis barrier imposed by DNA damage checkpoints. Nature 444:633–637
Braig M, Lee S, Loddenkemper C et al (2005) Oncogene-induced senescence as an initial barrier in lymphoma development. Nature 436:660–665
Brown JP, Wei W, Sedivy JM (1997) Bypass of senescence after disruption of p21CIP1/WAF1 gene in normal diploid human fibroblasts. Science 277:831–834
Chan CH, Li CF, Yang WL et al (2012) The Skp2-SCF E3 ligase regulates Akt ubiquitination, glycolysis, herceptin sensitivity, and tumorigenesis. Cell 149:1098–1111
Chen Z, Trotman LC, Shaffer D et al (2005) Crucial role of p53-dependent cellular senescence in suppression of Pten-deficient tumorigenesis. Nature 436:725–730
Chen Z, Carracedo A, Lin HK et al (2009) Differential p53-independent outcomes of p19(Arf) loss in oncogenesis. Sci Signal 2:ra44
Cipriano R, Kan CE, Graham J et al (2011) TGF-beta signaling engages an ATM-CHK2-p53-independent RAS-induced senescence and prevents malignant transformation in human mammary epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:8668–8673
d’Adda di Fagagna F, Reaper PM, Clay-Farrace L et al (2003) A DNA damage checkpoint response in telomere-initiated senescence. Nature 426:194–198
Di Cristofano A, Pesce B, Cordon-Cardo C et al (1998) Pten is essential for embryonic development and tumour suppression. Nat Genet 19:348–355
Di Micco R, Fumagalli M, Cicalese A et al (2006) Oncogene-induced senescence is a DNA damage response triggered by DNA hyper-replication. Nature 444:638–642
Ding Z, Wu CJ, Chu GC et al (2011) SMAD4-dependent barrier constrains prostate cancer growth and metastatic progression. Nature 470:269–273
Frescas D, Pagano M (2008) Deregulated proteolysis by the F-box proteins SKP2 and beta-TrCP: tipping the scales of cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 8:438–449
Hayflick L, Moorhead PS (1961) The serial cultivation of human diploid cell strains. Exp Cell Res 25(3):585–621
Herbig U, Jobling WA, Chen BP et al (2004) Telomere shortening triggers senescence of human cells through a pathway involving ATM, p53, and p21(CIP1), but not p16(INK4a). Mol Cell 14:501–513
Herbig U, Ferreira M, Condel L et al (2006) Cellular senescence in aging primates. Science 311:1257
Hydbring P, Bahram F, Su Y et al (2010) Phosphorylation by Cdk2 is required for Myc to repress Ras-induced senescence in cotransformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:58–63
Kaelin WG (2007) Von Hippel-Lindau disease. Annu Rev Pathol 2:145–173
Kamijo T, Bodner S, van de Kamp E et al (1999) Tumor spectrum in ARF-deficient mice. Cancer Res 59:2217–2222
Karlseder J, Smogorzewska A, de Lange T (2002) Senescence induced by altered telomere state, not telomere loss. Science 295:2446–2449
Krtolica A, Parrinello S, Lockett S et al (2001) Senescent fibroblasts promote epithelial cell growth and tumorigenesis: a link between cancer and aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:12072–12077
Lin AW, Barradas M, Stone JC et al (1998) Premature senescence involving p53 and p16 is activated in response to constitutive MEK/MAPK mitogenic signaling. Genes Dev 12:3008–3019
Lin HK, Chen Z, Wang G et al (2010) Skp2 targeting suppresses tumorigenesis by Arf-p53-independent cellular senescence. Nature 464:374–379
Michaloglou C, Vredeveld LC, Soengas MS et al (2005) BRAFE600-associated senescence-like cell cycle arrest of human naevi. Nature 436:720–724
Moiseeva O, Mallette FA, Mukhopadhyay UK et al (2006) DNA damage signaling and p53-dependent senescence after prolonged beta-interferon stimulation. Mol Biol Cell 17:1583–1592
Nardella C, Clohessy JG, Alimonti A et al (2011) Pro-senescence therapy for cancer treatment. Nat Rev Cancer 11:503–511
Puyol M, Martin A, Dubus P et al (2010) A synthetic lethal interaction between K-Ras oncogenes and Cdk4 unveils a therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer Cell 18:63–73
Rodier F, Campisi J (2011) Four faces of cellular senescence. J Cell Biol 192:547–556
Serrano M, Lin AW, McCurrach ME et al (1997) Oncogenic ras provokes premature cell senescence associated with accumulation of p53 and p16INK4a. Cell 88:593–602
Song MS, Carracedo A, Salmena L et al (2011) Nuclear PTEN regulates the APC-CDH1 tumor-suppressive complex in a phosphatase-independent manner. Cell 144:187–199
Soucek L, Whitfield J, Martins CP et al (2008) Modelling Myc inhibition as a cancer therapy. Nature 455:679–683
Takai H, Smogorzewska A, de Lange T (2003) DNA damage foci at dysfunctional telomeres. Curr Biol 13:1549–1556
Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW (2004) Cancer genes and the pathways they control. Nat Med 10:789–799
Wang Y, Blandino G, Givol D (1999) Induced p21waf expression in H1299 cell line promotes cell senescence and protects against cytotoxic effect of radiation and doxorubicin. Oncogene 18:2643–2649
Whibley C, Pharoah PD, Hollstein M (2009) p53 polymorphisms: cancer implications. Nat Rev Cancer 9:95–107
Wu J, Zhang X, Zhang L et al (2012) Skp2 E3 ligase integrates ATM activation and homologous recombination repair by ubiquitinating NBS1. Mol Cell 46:351–361
Xue W, Zender L, Miething CD et al (2007) Senescence and tumour clearance is triggered by p53 restoration in murine liver carcinomas. Nature 445:656–660
Young AP, Schlisio S, Minamishima YA et al (2008) VHL loss actuates a HIF-independent senescence programme mediated by Rb and p400. Nat Cell Biol 10:361–369
Zhu J, Woods D, McMahon M, Bishop JM (1998) Senescence of human fibroblasts induced by oncogenic Raf. Genes Dev 12:2997–3007
Acknowledgements
This work is supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants (R01CA136787-01A2 and R01CA149321-01), MD Anderson Trust Scholar Fund, a grant from Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas and by a New Investigator Award from the Department of Defense (PC081292) to H.K. Lin.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wang, G., Gao, Y., Chen, L., Wang, YJ., Lin, HK. (2014). Regulation of the Novel Senescence Pathway by SKP2 E3 Ligase. In: Hayat, M. (eds) Tumor Dormancy, Quiescence, and Senescence, Volume 2. Tumor Dormancy and Cellular Quiescence and Senescence, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7726-2_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7726-2_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-7725-5
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-7726-2
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)