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Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Ionic Liquids pp 91–106Cite as

Design of Ionic Liquids for Cellulose Dissolution

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Part of the book series: Biofuels and Biorefineries ((BIOBIO,volume 1))

Abstract

Cellulose consists of linear glucose polymer chains that form a very tight hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structure making it highly resistant to enzymatic degradation. The ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl), has been found to dissolve cellulose and the regenerated cellulose from the IL solution is less crystalline. To design ionic liquids that dissolve cellulose, Kamlet-Abboud-Taft β-values can be used as a solvent indicator. Amino acid anions have strong interactions between hydroxyl groups in the cellulose molecule: N,N-diethyl,N-methyl,N-(2-methoxy)ethylammonium alanate ([N221(ME)][Ala]) thus they are studied in this chapter for cellulose dissolution. Addition of an anti-solvent like water or ethanol to the cellulose/IL solution caused precipitation of cellulose dissolved and the structure of the regenerated cellulose to change to a disordered form. Crystal form of the regenerated cellulose depends on the dissolution solvent; the disordered chain region seems to increase in the order of [N221(ME)][Ala] < [C2mim][OAc] < [C2mim][(EtO)2PO2] < [C2mim]Cl. On the other hand, the order of degree of polymerization of the cellulose is [N221(ME)][Ala] > [C2mim][OAc] > [C2mim][(EtO)2PO2] > [C2mim]Cl. Treatment with [N221(ME)][Ala] is therefore much more suitable to use in preparing regenerated cellulose fibers than other commonly used ionic liquids.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama Minami, Tottori, Japan

    Toshiyuki Itoh

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  1. Toshiyuki Itoh
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Correspondence to Toshiyuki Itoh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biomass Group, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China

    Zhen Fang

  2. Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan

    Richard L. Smith, Jr.

  3. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China

    Xinhua Qi

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Itoh, T. (2014). Design of Ionic Liquids for Cellulose Dissolution. In: Fang, Z., Smith, Jr., R., Qi, X. (eds) Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Ionic Liquids. Biofuels and Biorefineries, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7711-8_4

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