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Carbonic Anhydrases and Their Interplay with Acid/Base-Coupled Membrane Transporters

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Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease, and Industrial Applications

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 75))

Abstract

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) have not only been identified as ubiquitous enzymes catalyzing the fast reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to generate or consume protons and bicarbonate, but also as intra- and extracellular proteins, which facilitate transport function of many acid/base transporting membrane proteins, coined ‘transport metabolon’. Functional interaction between CAs and acid/base transporters, such as chloride/bicarbonate exchanger (AE), sodium-bicarbonate cotransporter (NBC) and sodium/hydrogen exchanger (NHE) has been shown to require both catalytic CA activity as well as direct binding of the enzyme to specific sites on the transporter. In contrast, functional interaction between different CA isoforms and lactate-proton-cotransporting monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) has been found to be isoform-specific and independent of CA catalytic activity, but seems to require an intramolecular proton shuttle within the enzyme. In this chapter, we review the various types of interactions between acid/base-coupled membrane carriers and different CA isoforms, as studied in vitro, in intact Xenopus oocytes, and in various mammalian cell types. Furthermore, we discuss recent findings that indicate the significance of these ‘transport metabolons’ for normal cell functions.

Susan C. Frost and Robert McKenna (eds.). Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease, and Industrial Applications

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Zoology/Membrane Transport, Department of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Holger M. Becker

  2. Division of Zoology/Membrane Transport and Division of General Zoology, Department of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Michael Klier

  3. Division of General Zoology, Department of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Joachim W. Deitmer

Authors
  1. Holger M. Becker
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  2. Michael Klier
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  3. Joachim W. Deitmer
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Correspondence to Holger M. Becker .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Susan C. Frost

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Robert McKenna

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Becker, H.M., Klier, M., Deitmer, J.W. (2014). Carbonic Anhydrases and Their Interplay with Acid/Base-Coupled Membrane Transporters. In: Frost, S., McKenna, R. (eds) Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease, and Industrial Applications. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 75. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7359-2_7

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