Abstract
This chapter focuses on regionalisation as one dimension of internationalisation of higher education in Asia, Europe and North America. The chapter includes four sections. The cases of Asia, Europe and North America are treated in Sects. 8.2, 8.3 and 8.4, respectively. Each section begins with a brief analysis of policies and assessment of progress of intra-regional cooperation of higher education systems in each region. Then, it provides an overview of physical mobility patterns with the region, intra-regional teaching and research activities and patterns in foreign languages usage based on major findings from the CAP surveys aggregated by region. The concluding fourth section explores the character of the international dimensions of academic activities in each region, identifies major issues concerning academic work and activities from the perspectives of regionalisation and also discusses strategies that can facilitate the regionalisation of academic work and careers.
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Notes
- 1.
The six original members of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) were Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. The four members that joined later were Vietnam in 1995, Laos and Myanmar in 1998 and Cambodia in 1999. Since 1997, ASEAN has undertaken various collaborative activities with three East Asian countries, China, Japan and Korea, leading to the emergence of a new regional organisation, ASEAN plus Three (APT or ASEAN+ 3).
- 2.
The idea of APEC was firstly publicly broached by the then Prime Minister of Australia, Mr. Bob Hawke in 1989. Later that year, 12 Asia-Pacific economies met in Canberra, Australia, to establish APEC. The founding members were Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and the United States. In 1991, China; Hong Kong, China and Chinese Taipei joined APEC. Mexico and Papua New Guinea followed in 1993. Chile acceded in 1994. In 1998, Peru, Russia and Vietnam joined, taking the full membership to 21. Between 1989 and 1992, APEC met as an informal senior official and Ministerial level dialogue. In 1993, the then United States President, Mr. Bill Clinton, established the practice of an annual APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting.
- 3.
The South East Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) is an intergovernmental organisation of Southeast Asian countries designed to promote regional cooperation in education, science and culture in the region. Currently, it has 11 member countries: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste and Vietnam.
- 4.
China-ASEAN Free Trade Area (CAFTA) includes 11 countries: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore and Vietnam.
- 5.
Chinese Taipei is the designated name used by the Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, to participate in some international organisations and almost all sporting events.
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Huang, F., Teichler, U., Galaz-Fontes, J.F. (2014). Regionalisation of Higher Education and the Academic Profession in Asia, Europe and North America. In: Huang, F., Finkelstein, M., Rostan, M. (eds) The Internationalization of the Academy. The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative Perspective, vol 10. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7278-6_8
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