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Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Cancer pp 283–327Cite as

Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Prostate Cancer

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Part of the book series: Cancer Growth and Progression ((CAGP,volume 16))

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy among men and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and Europe. The molecular alterations underlying PCa have recently been shown to be quite complex, involving many different genes, microRNA species, epigenetic and mitochondrial changes, and multiple gene translocations. Because of the highly complex molecular changes underlying this malignancy, PCa molecular diagnostics are exceptionally complex and have only recently led to useful molecular tests. Here, we will review several promising areas in the molecular diagnostics of PCa and try to indicate which ones may have clinical utility in the near future.

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Abbreviations

AMACR:

Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase

BPH:

Benign prostatic hypertrophy

BPSA:

Benign prostate-specific antigen

COPA:

Cancer outlier profile analysis

CTC:

Circulating tumor cells

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

EpCAM:

Epithelial cell adhesion molecule

ETS:

Erythroblast transformation-specific

FISH:

Fluorescent in situ hybridization

fPSA:

Free PSA

GOLPH2:

Golgi Phosphoprotein 2

GST:

Glutathione-S-transferase

GSTP1:

Glutathione-S-transferase P1

hK2:

Human glandular kallikrein 2

miRNA:

MicroRNA

MMP:

Matrix metalloproteinase

MSMB:

Microdeminoprotein-ß

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

PCa:

Prostate cancer

PCA3:

Prostate cancer gene 3

PIN:

Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

PSA:

Prostate-specific antigen

RT-PCR:

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

uPA:

Urokinase plasminogen activator

uPAR:

Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-79, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA

    Rodney E. Shackelford

  2. Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Janese Trimaldi

  3. Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Philippe E. Spiess & Wade J. Sexton

  4. Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA

    Maisoun Qassim Abdelbaqi

  5. Pathology, East Los Angeles Doctors Hospital, 4060 Whittier Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90023, USA

    Shang-Tian Chuang

  6. 4060 Whittier Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90023-2523, USA

    Shang-Tian Chuang

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  1. Rodney E. Shackelford
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  2. Janese Trimaldi
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  3. Philippe E. Spiess
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  5. Maisoun Qassim Abdelbaqi
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  6. Shang-Tian Chuang
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Correspondence to Shang-Tian Chuang .

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  1. Anatomic Pathology, University of South Florida, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Domenico Coppola

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Shackelford, R.E., Trimaldi, J., Spiess, P.E., Sexton, W.J., Abdelbaqi, M.Q., Chuang, ST. (2014). Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Prostate Cancer. In: Coppola, D. (eds) Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Cancer. Cancer Growth and Progression, vol 16. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7192-5_9

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