Abstract
The approach for the assessment of the risk associated with quick clay slides in Norway is a qualitative/semi-quantitative procedure developed as part of work for The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate. Slide areas are classified according to “engineering scores” based on an evaluation of the topography, geology and local conditions (to qualify hazard) and an evaluation of the elements at risk, persons, properties and infrastructure exposed (to qualify consequence). The risk score to classify the mapped areas into risk zones is obtained from the relationship R S = H WS × C WS , where R S is the risk score, H WS is the weighted hazard score and C WS is the weighted consequence score. The risk matrix is divided in five risk classes. Guidelines for the implementation of the risk matrix are administered by NVE. In practice, the approach is used to make decisions on required mitigation measures to reduce the risk. The approach is simple and makes room for engineering experience and judgment. For detailed regional planning, slope stability calculations need to be made. Methods for quick clay slide stability calculations taking into account the brittle behaviour of the material are under development. This chapter provides an illustration of this development work.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aas G (1979) Skredfare og arealplanlegging. Vurdering av faregrad og sikringstiltak. Ullensvang Hotell, Lofthus i Hardanger. Norske sivilingeniørers forening. NIF-kurs, Oslo
Aas G (1981) Stability of natural slopes in quick clays. In: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, vol 3, Stockholm, pp 333–338
Fornes P, Jostad HP (2013) A probabilistic study of an inclined slope in sensitive clay using FEA. In: 3rd international symposium on computational geomechanics (ComGeoIII), Krakow, 21–23 August 2013
Gregersen O (2001) Metode for kartlegging og klassifisering av faresoner, kvikkleire. Report 2000, 1008-2, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Oslo, 31 August
Gregersen O (2005) Program for økt sikkerhet mot leirskred. Risiko for kvikkleireskred Bragernes, Drammen. Report 2004 1343-1, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Oslo, 26 January
Gregersen O (2006) Construction work in clay hazard areas. New guidelines in geotechnical engineering. Geoteknikkdagen 2006, Oslo, pp 30.1–30.11
Gregersen O (2008) Kartlegging av skredfarlige kvikkleireområder. NGM 2008. In: Proceedings of the 15th Nordic geotechnical conference, Sandefjord, pp 178–186
Grimstad G, Jostad HP (2011) Stability analyses of quick clay using FEM and an anisotropic strength. In: NGM 2012, Proceedings of the 16th Nordic geotechnical conference, vol 2, Copenhagen, pp 675–680
Jostad HP, Fornes P, Thakur V (2013) Effect of strain-softening in design of fills in gently inclined areas with soft sensitive clays. In: 1st international workshop on landslides in sensitive clays, Québec
L’Heureux JS (2012) Vurdering av kartleggingsgrunnlaget for kvikkleire i strandsonen. NGI Report 20120754-01-R, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Oslo, 1 December
L’Heureux JS, Hansen L, Longva O, Eilertsen RS (2011) Landslides along Norwegian fjords, processes, cause and hazard assessment. In: Proceedings of the 2nd world landslide forum, Rome
Nadim F, Pedersen SAS, Schmidt-Thomé P, Sigmundsson F, Engdahl M (2008) Natural hazards in Nordic countries. Epis J Int Geoscie 31(1):176–184
NVE (2011) Retningslinjer 2/2011. Flaum- og skredfare i arealplanar. Rev.15, ISSN:1501-9810
Thakur V, Degago S (2012) Quickness of sensitive clays. Geotech Lett 2:81–88
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to thank Dr. Denis Demers of Ministère des Transports, Québec, and Dr. Jean-Sébastien L’Heureux of NGI for their excellent review of the manuscript. The authors also thank Mr. Håkon Heyerdahl from NGI for his help with the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kalsnes, B., Gjelsvik, V., Jostad, H.P., Lacasse, S., Nadim, F. (2014). Risk Assessment for Quick Clay Slides – The Norwegian Practice. In: L'Heureux, JS., Locat, A., Leroueil, S., Demers, D., Locat, J. (eds) Landslides in Sensitive Clays. Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research, vol 36. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7079-9_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7079-9_28
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-7078-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-7079-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)