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Larval Development

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Physiological, Developmental and Behavioral Effects of Marine Pollution

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Abstract

After hatching, an organism leaves a relatively closed and protected system for life in a larger environment. Many studies have been performed exposing larval stages directly to contaminants or examining larvae after embryonic exposure. Larvae may be more sensitive than embryonic stages of the same organism, since embryos are protected by an outer membrane that may reduce contaminant uptake (e.g. chorion) that is no longer present in larvae. Larvae also must usually swim and obtain food. Most benthic invertebrates have planktonic larvae, which at a certain stage of development settle to the bottom to metamorphose into a juvenile stage in an appropriate habitat. Larval exposures to contaminants can lead to impaired settlement in the benthic environment and/or to delayed physiological disturbances as juveniles or adults.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA

    Judith S. Weis

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  1. Judith S. Weis
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Weis, J.S. (2014). Larval Development. In: Physiological, Developmental and Behavioral Effects of Marine Pollution. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6949-6_7

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