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Respiration and Metabolism

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Physiological, Developmental and Behavioral Effects of Marine Pollution

Abstract

Respiration includes the transport of oxygen from the outside of the organism into the cells and the transport of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. Cellular respiration, which takes place within cells, consists of the metabolic processes by which energy is obtained by breaking down glucose through enzymatic pathways (glycolysis and the Krebs cycle), creating water, carbon dioxide and ATP. Respiration responds directly to metabolic needs. Most toxicants studied have been found to reduce the metabolic rate and thus, the respiration of many organisms. Many studies have relied primarily on a single metric, oxygen consumption, to determine changes in metabolic rates. In some cases, however, lowered oxygen consumption can be attributed to reduced ventilation of the gills or to gill damage, and in other cases the toxic mechanism is disruption of the enzymes of cellular respiration. Relatively few studies have related effects on respiration to carbon assimilation through measures of feeding and excretion or have examined total effects on the carbon, nitrogen, or energy budget.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA

    Judith S. Weis

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Weis, J.S. (2014). Respiration and Metabolism. In: Physiological, Developmental and Behavioral Effects of Marine Pollution. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6949-6_3

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