Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Tolerance

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Physiological, Developmental and Behavioral Effects of Marine Pollution

  • 2041 Accesses

Abstract

Tolerance is the ability of organisms to cope with stress, in this case to environmental pollutants. It appears to be a widespread phenomenon, and can be achieved by physiological acclimation or genetic adaptation. It can be assessed by comparing responses (lethal or sublethal) of individuals from different populations to the same degree of stress, e.g. the same concentration of a toxicant would produce less of an effect in a tolerant population. The phenomenon is well documented for metals and organic contaminants (for example, resistance of insect populations to insecticides is well-known). There are also cases in which tolerance has been looked for but not found in chronically exposed populations; probably more cases than have been reported in the literature, as this can be viewed as “negative data” and not reported. When enhanced tolerance does not occur in polluted populations, the reasons may be difficult to ascertain; it may be because detoxification mechanisms are adequate to cope with elevated exposures, or that dispersal and mixing between contaminated and reference populations obscures any observation of tolerance, or that the fitness costs counteract the selective advantage of the tolerance, or other reasons.

Compensatory responses to pollutants at the physiological level are referred to as “acclimation.” Pre-exposure to chemicals can induce or enhance detoxification processes, discussed in the previous chapter, which reduces toxicity in pre-exposed organisms, either in the lab or at field sites. These responses (e.g. synthesis of MTs, CYPs) can mitigate effects on individuals experiencing moderate stress. Developing tolerance is energetically expensive, however, and may have deleterious effects on energy allocation. Thus exposure over extended periods may reduce fitness and increase selection pressure for genetically resistant individuals in populations that have variation and heritability for the response. The development of these populations that have adapted and become more resistant to pollution can be considered an evolutionary compensatory mechanism.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adeyami JA, Klerks PL (2013) Occurrence of copper acclimation in the least killifish Heterandria formosa; and associated biochemical and physiological mechanisms. Aquat Toxicol 130–131: 51–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Ait-Alla A, Mouneyrac C, Durou C, Moukrim A, Pellerin J (2006) Tolerance and biomarkers as useful tools for assessing environmental quality in the Oued Souss estuary (Bay of Agadir, Morocco). Comp Biochem Physiol 143C:23–29

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amerala V, Cabrala HN, Bishop MJ (2011) Resistance among wild invertebrate populations to recurrent estuarine acidification. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 93:460–467

    Google Scholar 

  • Amiard-Triquet C (2011) Pollution tolerance from fundamental biological mechanisms to ecological consequences. In: Amiard-Triquet C, Rainbow PS, Romeo M (eds) Tolerance to environmental contaminants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 1–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Amiard-Triquet C (2013) Biomarkers of defense, tolerance and ecological consequences. In: Amiard-Triquet C, Amiard J-C, Rainbow PS (eds) Ecological biomarkers: indicators of ecotoxicological effects. CRC Press, Boca Rato, pp 45–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Annabi A, Messaoudi I, Kerkeni A, Said K (2009) Comparative study of the sensitivity to cadmium of two populations of Gambusia affinis from two different sites. Environ Monit Assess 155:459–465

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Antkiewicz DS, Burns CG, Carney SA, Peterson RE, Heideman W (2005) Heart malformation is an early response to TCDD in embryonic zebrafish. Toxicol Sci 94:368–377

    Google Scholar 

  • Antkiewicz DS, Peterson RE, Heideman W (2006) Blocking expression of AHR2 and ARNT1 in zebra larvae protects against cardiac toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrochlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Toxicol Sci 94:175–182

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Armknecht SL, Kaatari SL, van Veld PA (1998) An elevated glutathione S-transferase in creosote-resistant mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus). Aquat Toxicol 41:1–16

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bagarinao T, Vetter RD (1993) Sulphide tolerance and adaptation in the California killifish Fundulus parvipinnis, a salt marsh resident. J Fish Biol 42:729–748

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baker R, Lavie B, Nevo E (1985) Natural selection for resistance to mercury pollution. Experientia 41:697–699

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barshis D, Ladner JT, Oliver TA, Seneca FO, Traylor-Knowles N, Palumbi SR (2013) Genomic basis for coral resilience to climate change. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 110:1387–1392

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell GW, Eggleston DB (2005) Species-specific avoidance responses by blue crabs and fish to chronic and episodic hypoxia. Mar Biol 146:761–770

    Google Scholar 

  • Bello SM, Franks DG, Stegeman JJ, Hahn ME (2001) Acquired resistance to Ah receptor agonists in a population of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) inhabiting a marine superfund site: in vivo and in vitro studies on the inducibility of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Toxicol Sci 60:77–91

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bergey L, Weis JS (2007) Molting as a mechanism of depuration of metals in the fiddler crab, Uca pugnax. Mar Environ Res 64:556–562

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berthet B, Leung KM, Amiart-Triquet C (2011) Inter- and intraspecific variability in tolerance: implications for bioassays and biomonitoring. In: Amiard-Triquet C, Rainbow PS, Romeo M (eds) Tolerance to environmental contaminants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 49–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryan GW, Gibbs PE (1983) Heavy metals in the Fal estuary, Cornwall: a study of long-term contamination by mining waste and its effects on estuarine organisms. Occ Publ Mar Biol Assoc UK 2:1–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryan GW, Hummerstone LM (1971) Adaptation of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor to estuarine sediments containing high concentrations of heavy metals. I. General observations and adaptation to copper. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 51:845–863

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bryan GW, Hummerstone LM (1973) Adaptation of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor to estuarine sediments containing high concentrations of zinc and cadmium. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 53:839–857

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burlinson FC, Larwrence AJ (2007) Development and validation of a behavioural assay to measure the tolerance of Hediste diversicolor to copper. Environ Pollut 145:274–278

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Callahan P, Weis JS (1983) Methylmercury effects on regeneration and ecdysis in fiddler crabs (Uca pugilator, U. pugnax) after short-term and chronic pre-exposure. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 12:707–714

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Calow P (1991) Physiological costs of combating chemical toxicants: ecological implications. Comp Biochem Physiol C 100:3–6

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carman KR, Fleeger JW, Pomarico SM (2000) Does historical exposure to hydrocarbon contamination alter the response of benthic communities to diesel contamination? Mar Environ Res 49:255–278

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark BW, DiGiulio RT (2012) Fundulus heteroclitus adapted to PAHs are cross-resistant to multiple insecticides. Ecotoxicology 21:465–474

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cochran RE, Burnett LE (1996) Respiratory responses of the salt marsh animals, Fundulus heteroclitus, Leiostomus xanthurus, and Palaemonetes pugio to environmental hypoxia and hypercapnia and to the organophosphate pesticide, azinphosmethyl. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 195:125–144

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Collins S (2011) Many possible worlds: expanding the ecological scenarios in experimental evolution. Evol Biol 38:3–14

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Avanzo C, Kremer JN (1994) Diel oxygen dynamics and anoxic events in an eutrophic estuary of Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts. Estuaries 17:31–139

    Google Scholar 

  • Damiens G, Mouneyrac C, Quiniou F, His E, Gnassia-Barelli M, Roméo M (2006) Metal bioaccumulation and metallothionein concentrations in larvae of Crassostrea gigas. Environ Pollut 140:492–499

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies MS, Hawkins SJ, Jones HD (1990) Mucus production and physiological energetics in Patella vulgata L. J Mollus Stud 56:499–503

    Google Scholar 

  • DeFur P, Mangum C, Reese JE (1990) Respiratory responses of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus to long-term hypoxia. Biol Bull 178:46–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Edmunds P (2011) Zooplanktivory ameliorates the effects of ocean acidification on the reef coral Porites spp. Limnol Oceanogr 56:2402–2410

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elskus AA, Monosson E, McElroy AE, Stegeman JJ, Woltering DS (1999) Altered CYP1A expression in Fundulus heteroclitus adults and larvae: a sign of pollution resistance? Aquat Toxicol 45:99–113

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson SP, Baden SP (1997) Behaviour and tolerance to hypoxia in juvenile Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) of different ages. Mar Biol 128:49–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernández-Tajes J, Rábade T, Laffon B, Méndez J (2011) Monitoring follow up of two areas affected by the Prestige oil four years after the spillage. J Toxicol Environ Health 74:1067–1075

    Google Scholar 

  • Filipowicz AB, Weinstein JE, Sanger DM (2007) Dietary transfer of fluoranthene from an estuarine oligochaete (Monopylephorus rubroniveus) to grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio): influence of piperonyl butoxide. Mar Environ Res 63:132–145

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forbes V, Forbes TL, Holmer M (1996) Inducible metabolism of fluoranthene by the opportunistic polychaete Capitella sp. I. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 132:63–70

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Form AU, Riebesell U (2012) Acclimation to ocean acidification during long-term CO2 exposure in the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa. Glob Change Biol 18:843–853

    Google Scholar 

  • Forrester GE et al (2003) Growth of estuarine fish is associated with the combined concentration of sediment contaminants and shows no adaptation or acclimation to past conditions. Mar Environ Res 56:423–442

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frederick LA, Van Veld PA, Rice CD (2007) Bioindicators of immune function in creosote-adapted estuarine killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. J Toxicol Environ Health 70A:1433–1442

    Google Scholar 

  • Froeschke JT, Stunz GW (2012) Hierarchical and interactive habitat selection in response to abiotic and biotic factors: the effect of hypoxia on habitat selection of juvenile estuarine fishes. Environ Biol Fishes 93:31–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale SA, Smith SV, Lim RP, Jeffree RA, Petocz P (2003) Insights into the mechanisms of copper tolerance of a population of black-banded rainbowfish (Melanotaenia nigrans) (Richardson) exposed to mine leachate, using 64/67Cu. Aquat Toxicol 62:135–153

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • González RR, Quiñones RA (2000) Pyruvate oxidoreductases involved in glycolytic anaerobic metabolism of polychaetes from the Continental Shelf off Central-south Chile. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 51:507–519

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez A, Ronce O, Ferriere R, Hochberg ME (2013) Evolutionary rescue: an emerging focus at the intersection between ecology and evolution. Philos Trans R Soc B 368. doi:10.1098/rstb.2012.0404

  • Grant A, Hateley JG, Jones NV (1989) Mapping the ecological impact of heavy metals on the estuarine polychaete Nereis diversicolor using inherited metal tolerance. Mar Poll Bull 20:235–238

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greaney GS, Place AR, Cashon RE, Smith G, Powers DA (1980) Time course of changes in enzyme activities and blood respiratory properties of killifish during long-term acclimation to hypoxia. Physiol Zool 53:136–144

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guest JR, Baird AH, Maynard JA, Muttaqin E, Edwards AJ et al (2012) Contrasting patterns of coral bleaching susceptibility in 2010 suggest an adaptive response to thermal stress. PLoS One 7(3):e33353. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033353

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harper-Arabie RM, Wirth EF, Fulton MH, Scott GI, Ross PE (2004) Protective effects of allozyme genotype during chemical exposure in the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. Aquat Toxicol 70:41–54

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris RR, Santos MC (2000) Heavy metal contamination and physiological variability in the Brazilian mangrove crabs Ucides cordatus and Callinectes danae (Crustacea: Decapoda) Mar. Biol 137:691–703

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herbert NA, Steffenson JF (2005) The response of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, to progressive hypoxia: fish swimming speed and physiological stress. Mar Biol 147:1403–1412

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoare K, Beaumont AR, Davenport J (1995) Variation among populations in the resistance of Mytilus edulis embryos to copper: adaptation to pollution? Mar Ecol Prog Ser 120:155–161

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hochachka P, Lutz PL, Sick T, Rosenthal M, van den Thillart G (1993) Volume overview: hypoxia defenses and adaptational strategies. In: Hochachka PW (ed) Surviving hypoxia: mechanisms of control and adaptation. CRC Press, Boca Raton, p 571

    Google Scholar 

  • Hourdez S, Weber RE, Green BN, Kenney JM, Fisher CR (2002) Respiratory adaptations in a deep-sea orbiniid polychaete from Gulf of Mexico brine pool NR-1: metabolic rates and hemoglobin structure/function relationships. J Exp Biol 205:1669–1681

    Google Scholar 

  • Hume B, D’Angelo C, Burt J, Baker AC, Riegl B, Wiedenmann J (2013) Corals from the Persian/Arabian Gulf as models for thermotolerant reef-builders: prevalence of clade C3 Symbiodinium, host fluorescence and ex situ temperature tolerance. Mar Pollut Bull. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.032

    Google Scholar 

  • Ivanova AV, Taylor C, Sokolova IM (2009) Effects of elevated temperature and cadmium-exposure on stress protein response in eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin). Aquat Toxicol 91:245–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson EL (2011) Tolerance to contaminants. Evidence from chronically exposed populations of aquatic organisms. In: Amiard-Triquet C, Rainbow PS, Romeo M (eds) Tolerance to environmental contaminants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 25–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamp G (1993) Intracellular reactions controlling environmental anaerobiosis in the marine annelid Arenicola marina, a fresh look at old pathways. In: Hochachka P, Lutz PL, Sick T, Rosenthal M, van den Thillart G (eds) Surviving hypoxia: mechanisms of control and adaptation. CRC Press, Boca Raton, p 571

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly M, Hofmann GE (2012) Adaptation and the physiology of ocean acidification. Funct Ecol. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02061.x

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerambrun P, Thessalou-Legaki M, Verriopoulos G (1993) Comparative effects of environmental conditions in eutrophic polluted and oligotrophic nonpolluted areas of the Saronikos Gulf (Greece) on the physiology of the copepod Acarcia clausi. Comp Biochem Physiol C 105:415–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan AT, Weis JS (1987a) Effects of methylmercury on sperm and egg viability of two populations of killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 16:499–505

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan AT, Weis JS (1987b) Effects of mercuric chloride on eggs and juvenile viability in two populations of killifish. Mar Pollut Bull 18:504–505

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan AT, Weis JS (1987c) Effects of methylmercury on egg and juvenile viability in two populations of Fundulus heteroclitus. Environ Res 44:272–278

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan AT, Weis JS (1987d) Effects of mercuric chloride on sperm and egg viability in two populations of the mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus. Environ Pollut 48:263–273

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan AT, Weis JS, D’Andrea L (1988) Studies of cadmium tolerance in two populations of grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 40:30–34

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klerks PL (1999) Acclimation to contaminants by the grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio: individual contaminants vs mixtures. Ecotoxicol 8:277–286

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klerks PL, Bartholomew PR (1991) Cadmium accumulation and detoxification in a Cd-resistant population of the oligochaete Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri. Aquat Toxicol 19:97–112

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klerks PL, Blaha MA (2009) Heat tolerance as an indicator of climate change impacts: general considerations and a case study in Poeciliid fish. Environ Bioindic 4:46–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Klerks PL, Leberg PL, Lance RF, McMillan DJ, Means J (1997) Lack of development of pollutant-resistance or genetic differentiation in darter gobies (Gobionellus boleosoma) inhabiting a produced-water discharge site. Mar Environ Res 44:377–395

    Google Scholar 

  • Klerks PL, Lentz SA (1998) Resistance to lead and zinc in the western mosquitofish Gambusia affinis inhabiting contaminated Bayou Trepagnier. Ecotoxicology 7:11–17

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klerks PL, Levinton JS (1989) Rapid evolution of metal resistance in a benthic oligochaete inhabiting a metal-polluted site. Biol Bull 176:135–141

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klerks PL, Moreau CJ (2001) Heritability of resistance to individual contaminants and to contaminant mixtures in the sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus). Environ Toxicol Chem 20:1746–1751

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klerks PL, Xie L, Levinton JS (2011) Quantitative genetics approaches to study evolutionary processes in ecotoxicology; a perspective from research on the evolution of resistance. Ecotoxicology 20:513–523

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kovatch CE, Schizas NV, Chandler GT, Coull BC, Quattro JM (2000) Tolerance and genetic relatedness of three meiobenthic copepod populations exposed to sediment-associated contaminant mixtures: role of environmental history. Environ Toxicol Chem 19:912–919

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kraus M, Kraus DB (1986) Differences in the effects of mercury on predator avoidance in two populations of the grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio. Mar Environ Res 18:277–289

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kraus ML, Weis JS (1988) Differences in effects of mercury on telson regeneration in two populations of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 17:115–120

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kraus M, Weis JS, Weis P (1988) Effects of mercury on larval and adult grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 17:355–363

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kurochkin IO, Ivanina AV, Eilers S, Downs CA, May LA, Sokolova IM (2009) Cadmium affects metabolic responses to prolonged anoxia and reoxygenation in eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica). Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 297:R1262–R1272

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lai JCC, Kakuta I, Mok HOL, Rummer JL, Randall D (2006) Effects of moderate and substantial hypoxia on erythropoietin levels in rainbow trout kidney and spleen. J Exp Biol 209:2734–2738

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lake JL, Rubinstein NI, Lee H II, Lake CA, Heltshe J, Pavignano S (1990) Equilibrium partitioning and bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants by infaunal organisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 9:1095–1106

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lavie B, Nevo E (1986) Genetic selection of homozygote allozyme genotypes in marine gastropods exposed to cadmium pollution. Sci Total Environ 57:91–98

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leung KM, Taylor AC, Furness RW (2000) Temperature-dependent physiological responses of the dogwhelk Nucella lapillus to cadmium exposure. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 80:647–660

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levinton JS, Suatoni E, Wallace W, Junkins R, Kelaher B, Allen BJ (2003) Rapid loss of genetically based resistance to metals after the cleanup of a Superfund site. Proc Natl Acad Sci 100:9889–9891

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lohbeck KT, Riebesell U, Reusch TB (2012) Adaptive evolution of a key phytoplankton species to ocean acidification. Nat Geosci. 5:346–351

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Love JW, Rees BB (2002) Seasonal differences in hypoxia tolerance in Gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis (Fundulidae). Environ Biol Fish 63:103–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Luoma SN, Cain DJ, Ho K, Hutchinson A (1983) Variable tolerance to Copper in two species from San Francisco bay. Mar Environ Res 10:209–222

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mandic M, Todgham AE, Richards JG (2009) Mechanisms and evolution of hypoxia tolerance in fish. Proc R Soc 276:735–744

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall DJ, McQuaid CD (1993) Differential physiological and behavioural responses of the intertidal mussels, Choromytilus meridionalis (Kr.) and Perna perna L., to exposure to hypoxia and air: a basis for spatial separation. J Exper Mar Biol Ecol 171:225–237

    Google Scholar 

  • Maxime V, Pichavant K, Boeuf G, Nonnotte G (2000) Effects of hypoxia on respiratory physiology of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Fish Physiol Biochem 22:51–59

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCulloch M, Falter J, Trotter J, Montagna P (2012) Coral resilience to ocean acidification and global warming through pH up-regulation. Nat Clim Change 2:623–627

    Google Scholar 

  • McKenzie L, Brooks R, Johnston EL (2011) Heritable pollution tolerance in a marine invader. Environ Res 111:926–932

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McMillan AM, Bagley MJ, Jackson SA, Nacci DE (2006) Genetic diversity and structure of an estuarine fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) indigenous to sites associated with a highly contaminated urban harbor. Ecotoxicology 15:539–548

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer JN, DiGiulio RT (2002) Patterns of heritability of decreased EROD activity and resistance to PCB126-induced teratogenesis in laboratory-reared offspring of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a creosote-contaminated site in the Elizabeth River, VA. USA Mar Environ Res 54:621–626

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer JN, DiGiulio RT (2003) Heritable adaptation and fitness costs in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) inhabiting a polluted estuary. Ecol Appl 13:490–503

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer JN, Nacci DE, DiGiulio RT (2002) Cytochrome P450 a (CYP1A) in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus): heritability of altered expression and relationship to survival in contaminated sediments. Toxicol Sci 68:69–81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miliou H et al (2000) Influence of life history adaptations on the fidelity of laboratory bioassays for the impact of heavy metals (Co2+ and Cr6+) on tolerance and population dynamics of Tisbe holothuridae. Mar Pollut Bull 40:352–359

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller GM, Watson SA, Donelson JM, McCormick MI, Munday PL (2012) Parental environment mediates impacts of increased carbon dioxide on a coral reef fish. Nat Clim Change 2:858–861

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Millward RN, Grant A (1995) Assessing the impact of copper on nematode communities from a chronically metal-enriched estuary using pollution-induced community tolerance. Mar Pollut Bull 30:701–706

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mouneyrac C et al (2003) Trace-metal detoxification and tolerance of the estuarine worm Hediste diversicolor chronically exposed in their environment. Mar Biol 143:731–744

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mouneyrac C, Perrein-Ettajani H, Amiard-Triquet C (2010) The use of fitness, reproduction, and burrowing behaviour of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor in the assessment of estuarine sediment quality. Environ Pollut 158:121–128

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Munday PL, McCormick MI, Meekan M, Dixson DL, Watson S-A, Chivers DP, Ferrari MC (2012) Selective mortality associated with variation in CO2 tolerance in a marine fish. Ocean Acidification 2012:1–5. doi:10.2478/oac-2012-0001

    Google Scholar 

  • Nacci D, Coiro L, Champlin D, Jayarman S, McKinney R, Gleason T, Munns WR Jr, Specker JL, Cooper KR (1999) Adaptations of wild populations of the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus to persistent environmental contaminants. Mar Biol 134:9–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Nacci D, Huber M, Champlin D, Jayarman S, Cohen S, Gauger E, Fong A, Gomez-Chiarri M (2009) Evolution of tolerance to PCBs and susceptibility to a bacterial pathogen (Vibrio harveyi) in Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from New Bedford (MA, USA) harbor. Environ Pollut 157:857–864

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nacci DD, Champlin S, Jayaraman S (2010) Adaptation of the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus (Atlantic killifish) to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Estuar Coast 33:853–864

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson GE, Östlund-Nilsson S (2008) Does size matter for hypoxia tolerance in fish? Biol Rev 83:173–189

    Google Scholar 

  • Noel-Lambot F (1981) Presence in the intestinal lumen of marine fish of corpuscles with a high cadmium-, zinc- and copper-binding capacity: a possible mechanism of heavy metal tolerance. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 4:175–181

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parker L, Ross1 PM, O’Connor WA, Borysko1 L, Raftos DA, Pörtner H-O (2012). Adult exposure influences offspring response to ocean acidification in oysters. Presentation at the ocean in a high CO2 world: third international ocean acidification conference, Monterey Sept 2012

    Google Scholar 

  • Parrin AP, Harmata KL, Netherton SE, Yaeger MA, Bross LS, Blackstone NW (2012) Within-colony migration of symbionts during bleaching of octocorals. Biol Bull 223(2):245–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Peña-Llopis S, Peña JB, Sancho E, Fernández-Vega C, Ferrando MD (2001) Glutathione-dependent resistance of the European eel Anguilla anguilla to the herbicide molinate. Chemosphere 45:671–681

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira JJ, Kanungo K (1981) Effects of silver on respiration and ion and water balance in Neanthes virens. In: Vernberg FJ, Calabrese A, Thurberg FP, Vernberg WB (eds) Biological monitoring of marine pollutants. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Pesch CE, Hoffman GL (1982) Adaptation of the polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata to copper. Mar Environ Res 6:307–317

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prince R, Cooper KR (1995a) Comparisons of the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on chemically impacted and nonimpacted subpopulations of Fundulus heteroclitus. I. TCDD toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 14:579–588

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prince R, Cooper KR (1995b) Comparisons of the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on chemically impacted and nonimpacted subpopulations of Fundulus heteroclitus. II. Metabolic considerations. Environ Toxicol Chem 14:589–596

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Purcell KM, Hitch A, Klerks PL, Leberg PL (2008) Adaptation as a potential response to sea-level rise: a genetic basis for salinity tolerance in populations of a coastal marsh fish. Evol Adapt 1:155–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell KM, Hitch A, Martin S, Klerks PL, Leberg PL (2012) The role of genetic structure in the adaptive divergence of populations experiencing saltwater intrusion due to relative sea-level rise. J Evol Biol 25:2623–2632

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Putnam HM et al (2012) Endosymbiotic flexibility associates with environmental sensitivity in scleractinian corals. Proc R Soc B. doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.1454

    Google Scholar 

  • Rainbow PS, Luoma SN (2011) Biodynamic parameters of the accumulation of toxic metals, detoxification, and the acquisition of metal tolerance. In: Amiard-Triquet C, Rainbow PS, Romeo M (eds) Tolerance to environmental contaminants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 127–151

    Google Scholar 

  • Rainbow PS, Poirier L, Smith BD, Brix KV, Luoma SN (2006) Trophic transfer of trace metals from the polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor to the polychaete N. virens and the decapod crustacean Palaemonetes varians. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 321:167–181

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rainbow PS, Amiard J-C, Amiard-Triquet C, Cheung M-S, Zhang L, Zhong H, Wang W-X (2007) Trophic transfer of trace metals: subcellular compartmentalization in bivalve by prey, assimilation by a gastropod predator and in vitro digestion simulations. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 348:125–138

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rainbow PS, Smith BD, Luoma SN (2009) Differences in trace metal bioaccumulation kinetics among populations of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor from metal-contaminated estuaries. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 376:173–184

    Google Scholar 

  • Rice CA, Myers MS, Willis ML, French BL, Casillas E (2000) From sediment bioassay to fish biomarker – connecting the dots using simple trophic relationships. Mar Environ Res 50:527–533

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roark S, Kelble MA, Nacci D, Champlin D, Coiro L, Guttman SI (2005) Population genetic structure and tolerance to dioxin-like compounds of a migratory marine fish (Menidia menidia) at polychlorinated biphenyl–contaminated and reference sites. Environ Toxicol Chem 24:726–732

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Romeo M, Wirgin I (2011) Biotransformation of organic contaminants and the acquisition of resistance. In: Amiard-Triquet C, Rainbow PS, Romeo M (eds) Tolerance to environmental contaminants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 175–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossi SS, Anderson J (1978) Petroleum hydrocarbon resistance in the marine worm Neanthes arenaceodentata (Polychaeta: Annelida), induced by chronic exposure to No. 2 Fuel oil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 20:513–521

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schöttler U, Grieshaber M (1988) Adaptation of the polychaete worm Scoloplos armiger to hypoxic conditions. Mar Biol 99:215–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Silverstein RN, Correa AM, Baker AC (2012) Specificity is rarely absolute in coral-algal symbiosis: implications for coral response to climate change. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci 279:2609–2618

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith KJ, Able KW (2003) Dissolved oxygen dynamics in salt marsh pools and its potential impacts on fish assemblages. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 258:223–232

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soskine M, Towkik D (2010) Mutational effects and the evolution of new protein functions. Nat Rev Genet 11:572–582

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spicer J, Baden S (2001) Environmental hypoxia and haemocyanin between-individual variability in Norway lobsters Nephrops norvegicus (L.). Mar Biol 139:727–734

    Google Scholar 

  • Stickle WB, Kapper MA, Liu L-L, Gnaiger E, Wang SY (1989) Metabolic adaptations of several species of crustaceans and molluscs to hypoxia: tolerance and microcalorimetric studies. Biol Bull 177:303–312

    Google Scholar 

  • Sze PW, Lee SY (1995) The potential role of mucus in the depuration of copper from the mussels Perna viridis (L.) and Septifer virgatus (Wiegmann). Mar Pollut Bull 31:390–393

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thresher RE, Tilbrook B, Fallon S, Wilson NC, Adkins J (2011) Effects of chronic low carbonate saturation levels on the distribution, growth and skeletal chemistry of deep-sea corals and other seamount megabenthos. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 442:87–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Ueda N, Ford C, Rikard S, Wallace R, Boettcher A (2009) Heat shock protein 70 expression in juvenile Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791), exposed to anoxic conditions. J Shellfish Res 28:849–854

    Google Scholar 

  • Unger M, Roesijadi G (1996) Increase in metallothionein mRNA accumulation during Cd challenge in oysters preexposed to Cd. Aquat Toxicol 34:185–193

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Veld PA, Westbrook DJ (1995) Evidence for depression of cytochrome P4501A in a population of chemically resistant mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus). Environ Sci 3:221–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Vogelbein WK, Fournie JW, van Veld PA, Huggett RJ (1990) Hepatic neoplasms in the mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus from a creosote-contaminated site. Cancer Res 50:5978–5986

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace WG, Lopez GR, Levinton JS (1998) Cadmium resistance in an oligochaete and its effect on cadmium trophic transfer to an omnivorous shrimp. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 172:225–237

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang JS, Chou HN, Fan J-J, Chen C-M (1998) Uptake and transfer of high PCB concentrations from phytoplankton to aquatic biota. Chemosphere 36:1201–1210

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wannamaker CM, Rice JA (2000) Effects of hypoxia on movements and behavior of selected estuarine organisms from the southeastern United States. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 249:145–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Weis JS (2002) Tolerance to environmental contaminants in the mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 8:933–953

    Google Scholar 

  • Weis JS, Weis P (1989) Tolerance and stress in a polluted environment: the case of the mummichog. Bioscience 39:89–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Weis JS, Weis P, Heber M, Vaidya S (1981) Methylmercury tolerance of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) embryos from a polluted vs nonpolluted environment. Mar Biol 65:283–287

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whitely NM (2011) Physiological and ecological responses of crustaceans to ocean acidification. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 430:257–271

    Google Scholar 

  • Wirgin I, Chambers RC (2006) Atlantic tomcod (Microgadus tomcod): a model species for the response of Hudson River fish to toxicants. In: Waldman JR, Limburg KE, Strayer S (eds) Hudson river fishes and the environment. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, pp 331–364

    Google Scholar 

  • Wirgin I, Waldman J (2004) Resistance to contaminants in North American fish populations. Mutat Res Fund Mol Mech Mutag 552:73–100

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirgin I, Kreamer G-L, Grunwald C, Squibb K, Garte SJ, Courtenay S (1992) Effects of prior exposure history on cytochrome P4501A mRNA induction by PCB congener 77 in Atlantic tomcod. Mar Environ Res 34:103–108

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirgin I, Grunwald C, Courtenay S, Kreamer GL, Reichert WL, Stein JE (1994) A biomarker approach to assessing xenobiotic exposure in cancer prone Atlantic tomcod from the North American Atlantic coast. Environ Health Pers 102:764–770

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirgin I, Roy NK, Loftus M, Chambers C, Franks D, Hahn ME (2011) Mechanistic basis of resistance to PCBs in Atlantic tomcod from the Hudson River. Science 331:1322–1325

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu R (2002) Hypoxia: from molecular responses to ecosystem responses. Mar Pollut Bull 45:35–45

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu RS, Lam PKS, Wan KL (2002) Tolerance to, and avoidance of, hypoxia by the penaeid shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis). Environ Pollut 118:351–355

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yawetz A, Fishelson L, Bresler V, Manelis R (2010) Comparison of the effects of pollution on the marine bivalve Donax trunculus in the vicinity of polluted sites with specimens from a clean reference site (Mediterranean Sea). Mar Pollut Bull 60:225–229

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan Z, Courtenay S, Wirgin I (2006a) Comparison of hepatic and extra hepatic induction of cytochrome P4501A by graded doses of aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists in Atlantic tomcod from two populations. Aquat Toxicol 76:306–320

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan Z, Courtenay S, Chambers RC, Wirgin I (2006b) Evidence of spatially extensive resistance to PCBs in an anadromous fish of the Hudson River. Environ Health Persp 114:77–84

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Q, Rainbow PS, Smith BD (2003) Tolerance and accumulation of the trace metals zinc, copper and cadmium in three populations of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 83:65–72

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA

    Judith S. Weis

Authors
  1. Judith S. Weis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Weis, J.S. (2014). Tolerance. In: Physiological, Developmental and Behavioral Effects of Marine Pollution. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6949-6_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation