Abstract
Metallic plume is an important phenomenon during high power disk laser deep-penetration welding, which can reflect the welding quality. To study this laser-induced plume characteristics and its relation to welding quality, an extraviolet and visible sensitive high speed color camera was used to capture the metallic plumes in a high-power disk laser bead on plate deep-penetration welding of Type 304 austenitic stainless steel plates at a continuous laser power of 10 kW. These captured digital images were firstly processed in RGB color spaces, and then were transferred to the Hue-Saturation-Intensity (HSI) color spaces from the RGB color spaces. The area of metallic plume was segmented and defined as the plume eigenvalue. The fluctuation of weld bead width was used to evaluate the welding stability. To monitor the plume behavior, a short-time Fourier transform was applied to obtain the time–frequency characteristics of plume images. Also, the hierarchical clustering was analyzed for the time–frequency characteristics of plume images. The results of hierarchical clustering showed there existed relationship between the metallic plume area and welding quality, and the fitting curve of clustering could reflect the fluctuation trend of the weld bead width effectively.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Khan MMA, Romoli L, Fiaschi M, Dini G, Sarri F (2011) Experimental design approach to the process parameter optimization for laser welding of martensitic stainless steels in a constrained overlap configuration. Opt Laser Technol 43(1):158–172
Katayama S, Kawahito Y, Mizutani M (2010) Elucidation of laser welding phenomena and factors affecting weld penetration and welding defects. Phys Procedia 5(Part B):9–17
Liu L, Chen M (2011) Interactions between laser and arc plasma during laser–arc hybrid welding of magnesium alloy. Opt Lasers Eng 49(9–10):1224–1231
Gao XD, Wang RL, Long GF, Katayama S (2012) Study of characteristics of plume based on hue-saturation-intensity during high-power disk laser welding. ACTA Physica Sinica, 61(14):148103-1-8
Khaleeq-ur-Rahman M, Siraj K, Rafique MS, Bhatti KA, Latif A, Jamil H, Basit M (2009) Laser induced plasma plume imaging and surface morphology of silicon. Nuclear Instruments Methods Phys Res B 267(7):1085–1088
Sibillano T, Anocona A, Berdi V, Lugara PM (2005) Correlation analysis in laser welding plasma. Opt Commun 251(1–3):139–148
Baik SH, Park SK, Kim CJ, Kim SY (2001) Holographic visualization of laser-induced plume in plused laser welding. Opt Laser Technol 33(1):67–70
Jiang P, Chen WZ, Guo J, Tian ZL (2001) The FFT Analyze of the acoustic signal on plasma in laser welding. Laser J 22(5):62–63
Molino A, Martina M, Vacca F, Masera G, Terreno A, Pasquettaz G, Angelo G (2009) FPGA implementation of time-frequency analysis algorithms for laser welding monitoring. Microprocessors Microsystems 33(3):179–190
Li G, Cai Y, WU Y (2009) Stability information in plasma image of high-power CO2 laser welding. Opt Lasers Eng 47(9):990–994
Gao XD, Wang RL, Yang YC (2012) Time-frequency characteristics clustering of metallic plume during high power disk laser welding, lecture notes in engineering and computer science. In: Proceedings of The world congress on engineering and computer science 2012, WCECS 2012, 24–26 Oct 2012, San Francisco, USA, pp 660–664
Wang X, Cheng P, Liang J (2011) Research of STFT time-frequency analysis algorithm and its application in train vibration analysis. Noise Vibr Control 31(1):65–68
Ge Z, Chen Z (2006) MATLAB time-frequency analysis technology and its application. Posts and Telecom Press, Beijing, pp 1–8
Du Z, Lin F (2004) A hierarchical clustering algorithm for MIMD architecture. Comput Biol Chem 28(5–6):417–419
Zhang Q, Zhang Y (2006) Hierarchical clustering of gene expression profiles with graphics hardware acceleration. Pattern Recogn Lett 27(6):676–681
Acknowledgments
This work is an expanded version of the paper published at WCECS 2012 in San Francisco, USA, October 24–26, 2012, and was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51175095, in part by the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 10251009001000001 and 9151009001000020, and in part by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant 20104420110001. Many thanks are given to Katayama Laboratory, Osaka University, Japan, for their assistance of laser welding experiments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gao, X., Wang, R., Liu, Y., Yang, Y. (2014). Analysis of Metallic Plume Image Characteristics During High Power Disk Laser Welding. In: Kim, H., Ao, SI., Amouzegar, M., Rieger, B. (eds) IAENG Transactions on Engineering Technologies. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 247. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6818-5_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6818-5_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-6817-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-6818-5
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)