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Essentials of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology and Its Clinical Translation pp 33–46Cite as

Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a group of heterogeneous non-hematopoietic cells with self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential, and have been widely used for cell-based therapies. While the mechanisms for the beneficial effects of MSCs on tissue repair and regeneration are complex and not fully understood, paracrine signaling is believed to be at least partially responsible for their therapeutic benefits. MSCs express and secret a large number of paracrine factors with a wide spectrum of biological functions including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, anti-apoptosis, metabolism, immunomodulation, anti-inflammation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. The regulation on the expression and production of the paracrine factors and related signaling molecules in MSCs are complex, and involves a variety of signaling pathways including Akt, STAT-3, p38 MAPK, and TNF receptors. The paracrine function of MSCs is closely associated with the species, age, and gender of the sources, and environmental factors like hypoxia, as well as the presence of stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor. Some disease conditions especially diabetes mellitus have significant impact on paracrine signaling of MSCs. Significant challenges remain on understanding how paracrine mechanisms work on the target tissues of MSCs, and how to design a therapeutic regimen with different paracrine factors to achieve an optimal outcome for tissue protection and regeneration.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from NIH R01 HL094650 (ZGL).

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The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Room 200 DHLRI, 473 West 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, USA

    Yuan Xiao, Xin Li, Hong Hao, Yuqi Cui, Minjie Chen, Lingjun Liu & Zhenguo Liu M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Yuan Xiao
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  2. Xin Li
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  3. Hong Hao
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Correspondence to Zhenguo Liu M.D., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China, People's Republic

    Robert Chunhua Zhao

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Xiao, Y. et al. (2013). Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. In: Zhao, R. (eds) Essentials of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology and Its Clinical Translation. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6716-4_3

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