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Epigenetics and Cancer pp 231–250Cite as

Plant Polyphenols as Epigenetic Modulators of Glutathione S-Transferase P1 Activity

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Abstract

Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione and thioester bond formation to a variety of electrophilic substances, engaged as a housekeeper in the detoxification of xenobiotics. GSTP1 is abundantly expressed in some mammalian tissues and has been shown to act as a modulator of signal transduction pathways controlling proliferation and cell death. Loss of GSTP1 in normal tissues incurs increased oxidative damage to cells, making them susceptible to neoplastic transformation. In contrast, its overexpression in tumor cells leads to the development of resistance to anticancer agents. Use of dietary polyphenols and synthetic compounds to induce GSTP1 is a potential strategy for cancer prevention in humans. This chapter presents the current body of knowledge regarding GSTP1 and its roles in carcinogenesis, and highlights the need for further investigation of its potential in chemoprevention.

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Abbreviations

GSTs:

Glutathione S-transferases

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

PGA2:

Prostaglandin A2

GSTα or GSTA:

Glutathione S transferase alpha or A

GSTμ or GSTM:

Glutathione S transferase mu or M

GSTπ or GSTP:

Glutathione S-transferase pi or P

GSTσ or GSTS:

Glutathione S-transferase sigma or S

GSTθ or GSTT:

Glutathione S-transferase theta or T

GSTω (omega) or GSTO:

Glutathione S-transferase omega or O

GSTζ or GSTZ:

Glutathione S-transferase zeta

PPAR γ:

Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors

GPE1:

GSTP enhancer-1

C/EBPα:

CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha

MOZ:

Monocyte leukemia zinc finger protein

Sp1:

Specificity Protein 1

NF-κB:

Nuclear Factor-κappaB transcription factors

AP1:

Activator Protein 1

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

TPA:

12-O-tradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

TBQH:

Tert-butylhydro-quinone

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

miRNA:

microRNA

DNMTs:

DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferases

EZH2:

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Drosophila)

HDAC-1:

Histone deacetylase 1

JNK:

c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase

TRAF2:

TNF receptor-associated factor 2

ASK1:

Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1

MBD:

Methyl-CpG-binding domain

8-OHdG:

8-oxo-2′-deoxogunosine

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

MAPK Kinase:

MAP kinase kinase

MRP1:

Multidrug resistance proteins 1

MRP2:

Multidrug resistance proteins 2

HDACs:

Histone deacetylases

EC:

Epicatechin

EGC:

Epigallocatechin

ECG:

Epicatechin-3-gallate

EGCG:

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate

NDEA:

N-nitrosodiethylamine

PH:

partial hepatectomy

CCL4 :

Carbon tetrachloride

GTP:

Green tea polyphenols

SFN:

Sulforaphane

PEITC:

Phenethyl isothiocyanate

BITC:

Benzyl isothiocyanate

Nrf2:

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2

PBITC:

4-phenylbutyl isothiocyanate

PHITC:

6-phenylhexyl isothiocyanate

NNK:

4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone

D3T:

3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione

oltipraz:

5-[2-pyrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione

ADT:

5-[4-methoxyphenyl]-1,2-dithiole-3-thione anethole dithiolethione

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Acknowledgements

The original work from author’s laboratory outlined in this review was supported by United States Public Health Service Grants RO1CA108512, RO1CA115491 and RO1AT002709. We apologize to those investigators whose original work could not be cited owing to the space limitations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Vijay S. Thakur

  2. Department of Urology and Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Sanjay Gupta Ph.D.

  3. University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Sanjay Gupta Ph.D.

  4. Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Sanjay Gupta Ph.D.

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  1. Vijay S. Thakur
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  2. Sanjay Gupta Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Sanjay Gupta Ph.D. .

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  1. Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Dept. of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, John R 4100, Detroit, 48201, Michigan, USA

    Fazlul H. Sarkar

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Thakur, V.S., Gupta, S. (2013). Plant Polyphenols as Epigenetic Modulators of Glutathione S-Transferase P1 Activity. In: Sarkar, F. (eds) Epigenetics and Cancer. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6612-9_13

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