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Pediatric Neuroblastoma: Use of Hypermethylation of Apoptotic Genes as a Prognostic Factor

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Pediatric Cancer, Volume 4

Part of the book series: Pediatric Cancer ((PECA,volume 4))

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Abstract

Neuroblastoma, the most common solid extracraneal tumor in childhood, develops from immature or de-differentiated neural-crest derived cells. Prognosis depends on the patient’s age at diagnosis, tumor stage and MYCN oncogene amplification. Several established molecular parameters (DNA content, allelic loss in 1p and 11q and gain of genetic material in 17q) have been introduced as prognostic indicators, however, the molecular basis of NB development and progression remains poorly understood. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA hypermethylation, are important regulators of gene expression and are frequently involved in silencing tumor suppressor genes. A clinically relevant methylation profile in NB has recently been studied using different screening techniques and hypermethylation of apoptotic genes such as caspase-8, have been identified as good prognostic indicators, emphasizing the potential use of epigenetic biomarkers for prognosis purposes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Oncology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, South Boulevard S/N., Torre G, 2nd floor. Office 001, 46026, Valencia, Spain

    Yania Yañez & Elena Grau

  2. Pediatric Oncology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, South Boulevard S/N., Torre G, 2nd floor. Office 005, 46026, Valencia, Spain

    Adela Cañete

  3. Pediatric Oncology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, South Boulevard S/N., Torre G, 2nd floor. Office 002, 46026, Valencia, Spain

    Victoria Castel

Authors
  1. Yania Yañez
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  2. Elena Grau
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  3. Adela Cañete
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  4. Victoria Castel
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yania Yañez .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Kean University, Room 213, Library building, Morris Avenue 1000, Union, 07083, New Jersey, USA

    M.A. Hayat

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Yañez, Y., Grau, E., Cañete, A., Castel, V. (2013). Pediatric Neuroblastoma: Use of Hypermethylation of Apoptotic Genes as a Prognostic Factor. In: Hayat, M. (eds) Pediatric Cancer, Volume 4. Pediatric Cancer, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6591-7_1

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