Abstract
The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex, the inhibition of which has been associated with induction of apoptosis, anti-tumorigenesis, and chemosensitization of tumor cells to the conventional chemotherapeutics agents and radiation. Therefore, inhibition of the proteasome pathway could be a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Proteasome inhibitors mediate the antitumor effect through modulation of transcription factors, cell cycle regulatory proteins, and pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Although numerous proteasome inhibitors have been rationally designed, most of them not only are enormously expensive but also produce serious side effects. Currently, numerous nutraceuticals such as curcumin, sesamin, quercetin, silybinin, sulforaphane, resveratrol, tubocapsenolide A, CDDO-Me, γ-tocotrienol, apigenin, ferulic acid, betulinic acid, anacardic acid, genistein, withaferin A, emodin, withanolide, and gambogic acid derived from fruits, vegetables, spices, nuts, and legumes have shown promise as proteasome inhibitors, which may contribute to their anticancer activities. Although the mechanism of proteasome inhibition by nutraceuticals is different, it plays a crucial role against cancer. In this chapter, we discuss the targets of these nutraceuticals in the proteasome pathway. How inhibition of the proteasome pathway by these natural agents contributes to their anticancer activities is also discussed.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Luanne Jorewicz from the Department of Scientific Publications for carefully proofread the manuscript and provide valuable comments. Dr. Aggarwal is the Ransom Horne, Jr., Professor of Cancer Research. This work was supported by a grant from the Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Malaysia and a grant from Center for Targeted Therapy of MD Anderson Cancer Center.
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Prasad, S., Gupta, S.C., Sung, B., Aggarwal, B.B. (2013). Modulation of Proteasome Pathways by Nutraceuticals. In: Cho, W. (eds) Cancer Chemoprevention and Treatment by Diet Therapy. Evidence-based Anticancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6443-9_9
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