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Association Between High Intake of Lycopene-rich Foods and Reduced Risk of Cancer

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Book cover Cancer Chemoprevention and Treatment by Diet Therapy

Part of the book series: Evidence-based Anticancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine ((ACAM,volume 5))

Abstract

The consumption of lycopene and lycopene-rich foods, such as tomato, papaya, watermelon and grapefruit, has been associated with decreased risk of several cancers, including prostatic, lung and gastrointestinal cancers. In vitro studies have demonstrated that lycopene may inhibit the growth of several types of cancer cells and provided valuable insights into the mechanisms by which lycopene exert their cellular and intracellular effects. Mechanisms implicated in the prevention of cancer incidence and progression by lycopene-rich foods include: modulation of redox activity, enzyme detoxyfication, inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis induction, regulation of growth factor and hormone signaling, inhibition of cell adhesion and angiogenesis, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, immunomodulation and enhancement of gap junction communication. A number of animal studies indicate a protective effect of pure lycopene or lycopene-rich foods on prostatic, gastro-intestinal and lung tumorigenesis. Although numerous epidemiological studies demonstrate that lycopene and lycopene-rich foods may reduce cancer risk, intervention trials establishing a direct link between lycopene and/or lycopene-rich foods and cancer prevention are still few and controversial. This chapter examines the experimental and clinical evidences for the preventive role of lycopene and lycopene-rich foods on cancer as well as the implicated mechanisms of action. In addition, it speculates on the interactions existing between lycopene and other bioactive food components in cancer prevention.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by a grant from Ministero Università e Ricerca.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University, School of Medicine, Lgo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy

    Paola Palozza & Assunta Catalano

  2. Department of Mental Health, A.S.L. Rome A, Via Palestro 39, 00185, Rome, Italy

    Marta Zaccardi

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  1. Paola Palozza
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  2. Assunta Catalano
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  3. Marta Zaccardi
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Correspondence to Paola Palozza .

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  1. Dept. Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gascoigne Road 30, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR

    William C.S. Cho

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Palozza, P., Catalano, A., Zaccardi, M. (2013). Association Between High Intake of Lycopene-rich Foods and Reduced Risk of Cancer. In: Cho, W. (eds) Cancer Chemoprevention and Treatment by Diet Therapy. Evidence-based Anticancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6443-9_6

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