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Attenuation of Multifocal Cell Survival Signaling by Bioactive Phytochemicals in the Prevention and Therapy of Cancer

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Cancer Chemoprevention and Treatment by Diet Therapy

Part of the book series: Evidence-based Anticancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine ((ACAM,volume 5))

Abstract

Extensive researches within the last decade have revealed the presence of a complex network of signaling pathways overtly active in cancer cells augmenting proliferation and suppressing apoptosis. In parallel, epidemiological literature summarized a casual association between consumption of well balanced diet comprising adequate fruits and vegetables with reduced risk of developing cancer. This was projected to be associated with the presence of well characterized bioactive compounds, e.g. flavonoids, isothiocyanates, catechins, phenolic acid and organic sulphur present in diet that lead to the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. Emerging evidence narrate mechanistic insight relating to the pleiotropic role of these bioactive compounds in modulating proliferation linked signaling at multiple levels including Akt, nuclear transcription factor-κB, c-Myc, cycloxygenase-2, MAPK, STAT and other signaling pathways that are active during embryogenesis, such as hedgehog and Wnt signalings. Preclinical studies including genetically modified mouse models revealed that dietary bioactive compounds hitherto classed as ‘chemopreventive agents’ induce apoptosis in cancer cells and inhibit development and/or progression of tumor. This chapter presents a comprehensive overview of deregulated signaling mechanisms prevailing within tumor cells along with broad knowledge-based evidence intertwining biological and molecular basis of action of chemopreventive agents citing representative examples. Additionally, an important aspect relating to the noteworthy rationale of using bioactive chemopreventive agents for sensitizing tumors to improve efficacy of chemotherapy in clinics has been discussed briefly. Finally, to bring forward the potential of natural chemopreventive agents to full extent, the development of safe and tolerable pharmaceutical grade analogs with improved bioavailability is encouraged to reduce the incidence and mortality of cancer.

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  1. Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Room 715, HWCRC Building, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA

    Sanjeev Banerjee, Asfar Azmi, Bin Bao & Fazlul H. Sarkar

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  1. Sanjeev Banerjee
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  2. Asfar Azmi
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  4. Fazlul H. Sarkar
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Correspondence to Sanjeev Banerjee .

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  1. Dept. Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gascoigne Road 30, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR

    William C.S. Cho

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Banerjee, S., Azmi, A., Bao, B., Sarkar, F.H. (2013). Attenuation of Multifocal Cell Survival Signaling by Bioactive Phytochemicals in the Prevention and Therapy of Cancer. In: Cho, W. (eds) Cancer Chemoprevention and Treatment by Diet Therapy. Evidence-based Anticancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6443-9_10

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