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Mechanisms of Action of Fungal Biological Control Agents

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Biological Management of Diseases of Crops

Part of the book series: Progress in Biological Control ((PIBC,volume 15))

Abstract

Fungal biocontrol agents (BCAs), whose identity has been clearly established and their biocontrol potential has been assessed simultaneously, are investigated for their mechanism(s) of biocontrol activities against microbial pathogens causing various plant diseases. They may act on the target pathogens through one or more mechanisms resulting in the inhibition of growth, sporulation and spread within the infected plants. The fungal BCAs may exhibit parasitism, antibiosis, competition for nutrients and /space, ability for prevention of colonization of specific tissues of the host by the pathogen and induction of resistance in plants against disease(s) as their primary and secondary mechanisms of biocontrol activity against the target pathogen(s). Different methods have been developed to study the mechanism(s) of activity of the selected BCAs. Some of the BCAs that were believed to restrict pathogen development by mycoparasitism or production of antibiotics were later demonstrated to induce systemic resistance in plants against pathogens. In addition to providing protection to plants against pathogens, some fungal BCAs are able to promote growth of plants, resulting in higher plant biomass and yield. The fungal BCA, Muscodor albus has the potential, as the biofumigant for the control of diseases occurring in the field and as well as in storage. Determination of the modes of action of fungal BCAs will be useful to develop appropriate application methods for effective management of crop diseases.

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Narayanasamy, P. (2013). Mechanisms of Action of Fungal Biological Control Agents. In: Biological Management of Diseases of Crops. Progress in Biological Control, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6380-7_3

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