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Presynaptic Ca2+ Influx and Its Modulation at Auditory Calyceal Terminals

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Modulation of Presynaptic Calcium Channels

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Abstract

Calyx and endbulb synapses of the mammalian auditory brainstem are specialized in transmitting spike activity fast, sustained and temporally precise. To accomplish this task, they make use of unusually large presynaptic elements which form axosomatic contacts with their postsynaptic target neurons. The large size of the calyceal terminals represents a major experimental advantage and has enabled electrophysiologists to study the functional properties of Ca2+ channels in presynaptic CNS terminals in great detail, with high time resolution and unprecedented precision. Calyx and endbulb terminals express several thousands of Ca2+ channels with rapid kinetics which ensure fast and efficient gating of Ca2+ influx during brief action potentials. When repetitively activated, presynaptic Ca2+ influx is modulated in a frequency-dependent manner and this Ca2+ current modulation contributes significantly to short-term plasticity at these synapses. During short high-frequency bursts, Ca2+ influx is facilitated whereas tetanic activity or low-frequency firing leads to an accumulation of Ca2+ channel inactivation. When the calyx synapses mature, the coupling between docked transmitter vesicles and Ca2+ channels becomes tighter to compensate for the shortening of the presynaptic action potential duration. Many of the G protein-dependent pathways of Ca2+ channel regulation that are potent in immature synapses are weakened during postnatal development.

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  1. Research Group Plasticity of Synaptic Transmission, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Holger Taschenberger, Kun-Han Lin & Shuwen Chang

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  1. Holger Taschenberger
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  2. Kun-Han Lin
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  3. Shuwen Chang
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Correspondence to Holger Taschenberger .

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  1. , School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Hopkins Building, Reading, RG6 6UB, Berkshire, United Kingdom

    Gary Stephens

  2. , Department of Physiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan

    Sumiko Mochida

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Taschenberger, H., Lin, KH., Chang, S. (2013). Presynaptic Ca2+ Influx and Its Modulation at Auditory Calyceal Terminals. In: Stephens, G., Mochida, S. (eds) Modulation of Presynaptic Calcium Channels. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6334-0_9

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