Abstract
Crystallographic studies at both extremes of the resolution interval, low and subatomic, are less common in macromolecular crystallography and have their own specific features. Ignoring these features may complicate structure solution or lead to errors in crystallographic Fourier maps and in their interpretation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adams PD, Afonine PV, Bunkóczi G, Chen VB, Davis IW, Echols N, Headd JJ, Hung L-W, Kapral GJ, Grosse-Kunstleve RW, McCoy AJ, Moriarty NW, Oeffner R, Read RJ, Richardson DC, Richardson JS, Terwilliger TC, Zwart PH (2010) PHENIX: a comprehensive Python-based system for macromolecular structure solution. Acta Crystallogr D 66:213–221
Aevarsson A, Brazhnikov E, Garber M, Zheltonosova J, Chirgadze Y, Al-Karadaghi S, Svensson LA, Lilias A (1994) Three-dimensional structure of the ribosomal translocase: elongation factor G from Thermus thermophilus. EMBO J 13:3669–3677
Afonine PV, Lunin VY, Muzet N, Urzhumtsev A (2004) On the possibility of observation of valence electron density for individual bonds in proteins in conventional difference maps. Acta Crystallogr D 60:260–274
Afonine PV, Grosse-Kunstleve RW, Adams PD, Lunin VY, Urzhumtsev A (2007) On macromolecular refinement at subatomic resolution with interatomic scatterers. Acta Crystallogr D 63:1194–1197
Afonine PV, Mustyakimov M, Grosse-Kunstleve RW, Moriarty NW, Langan P, Adams PD (2010) Joint X-ray and neutron refinement with phenix.refine. Acta Crystallogr D 66:1153–1163
Ban N, Freeborn B, Nissen P, Penczek P, Grassucci RA, Sweet R, Frank J, Moore PB, Steitz TA (1998) A 9 Å resolution X-ray crystallographic map of the large ribosomal subunit. Cell 93:1105–1115
Bentley GA, Lewit-Bentley A, Finch JT, Podjarny AD, Roth M (1984) Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 16 A resolution. J Molec Biol 176:55–75
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE (2000) The protein data bank. Nucleic Acids Res 28:235–242
Bernstein FC, Koetzle TF, Williams GJ, Meyer EF, Brice MD, Rodgers JR, Kennard O, Shimanouchi T, Tasumi M (1977) The protein data bank: a computer-based archival file for macromolecular structures. J Mol Biol 112:535–542
Bochow A, Urzhumtsev A (2005) On the Fourier series truncation peaks at subatomic resolution. CCP4 Newsletter on Protein Crystallography 42: http://www.ccp4.ac.uk/newsletters/newsletter42/content.html
Chang G, Roth CB, Reyes CL, Pornillos O, Chen YJ, Chen AP (2006) Retraction. Science 314:1875
Chirgadze YN, Brazhnikov EV, Garber MB, Nikonov SV, Fomenkova NP, Lunin VY, Urzhumtsev A, Chirgadze NY, Nekrasov YV (1991) Crystal structure of ribosomal factor G from bacteria Thermus thermophilus at low resolution. Dokl Acad Nauk SSSR 320:488–491
DeLano WL (2002) The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System, DeLano Scientific, San Carlos, CA, USA. http://www.pymol.org
Dittrich B, Hübschle CB, Messerschmidt M, Kalinowski R, Girnt D, Luger P (2005) The invariome model and its application: refinement of D, L-serine at different temperatures and resolution. Acta Crystallogr A 61:314–320
Emsley P, Lohkamp B, Scott WG, Cowtan K (2010) Features and development of coot. Acta Crystallogr D 66:486–501
Fenn TD, Schnieders MJ, Brunger AT (2010) A smooth and differentiable bulk-solvent model for macromolecular diffraction. Acta Crystallogr D 66:1024–1031
Hansen NK, Coppens P (1978) Testing aspherical atom refinements on small-molecule data sets. Acta Crystallogr A 34:909–921
Jelsch C, Pichon-Pesme V, Lecomte C, Aubry A (1998) Acta Crystallogr D 54:1306–1318
Jiang JS, Brünger AT (1994) Protein hydration observed by X-ray diffrcation. Solvation properties of penicillopepsin and neuraminidase crystal structures. J Mol Biol 243:100–115
Johnson JE, Akimoto T, Suck D, Rayment I, Rossmann MG (1976) The structure of southern bean mosaic virus at 22.5 resolution. Virology 75:394–400
Kalinin DI (1980) Use of a cylindrical model of a protein to determine the spatial structure of the rhombic modification of leghaemoglobin. Sov Phys Crystallogr 25:307–313
Ko TP, Robinson H, Gao YG, Cheng CHC, DeVries AL, Wang AHJ (2003) The refined crystal structure of an Eel pout type III antifreeze protein RD1 at 0.62-A resolution reveals structural microheterogeneity of protein and solvation. Biophys J 84:1228–1237
Lunin VY (1988) Use of information on electron density distribution in macromolecules. Acta Crystallogr A 44:144–150
Lunin VY, Lunina NL, Petrova TE, Vernoslova EA, Urzhumtsev A, Podjarny AD (1995) On the ab initio solution of the phase problem for macromolecules at very low resolution: the Few Atoms Model method. Acta Crystallogr D 51:896–903
Lunin VY, Lunina N, Urzhumtsev A (1999) Seminvariant density decomposition and connectivity analysis in very low resolution macromolecular phasing. Acta Crystallogr A 55:916–925
Lunin VY, Lunina N, Ritter S, Frey I, Keul J, Diederichs K, Podjarny A, Urzhumtsev A, Baumstark M (2001) Low-resolution data analysis for the low-density lipoprotein particle. Acta Crystallogr D 57:108–121
Lunin VY, Urzhumtsev A, Bockmayr A (2002) Direct phasing by binary integer programming. Acta Crystallogr A 58:283–291
Lunin VY, Urzhumtsev A, Podjarny AD (2012) An initio phasing of low-resolution Fourier syntheses. In: Himmel DM, Rossmann MG, Arnold E (eds) International tables for crystallography, vol F. Wiley, Chichester, pp 437–442
Phillips SEV (1980) Structure and refinement of oxymyoglobin at 1.6 Å resolution. J Mol Biol 142:531–554
Pichon-Pesme V, Lachekar H, Souhassou M, Lecomte C (2000) Electron density and electrostatic properties of two peptide molecules: tyrosyl-glycyl-glycyne monohydrate and glycyl-aspartic acid dehydrate. Acta Crystallogr B 56:728–737
Podjarny AD, Rees B, Thierry JC, Cavarelli J, Jesior JC, Roth M, Lewitt-Bentley A, Kahn R, Lorber B, Ebel JP, Giegé R, Moras D (1987) Yeast tRNAAsp –aspartyl-tRNA synthetase complex: low resolution crystal structure. J Biomol Struct Dyn 5:187–198
Schnieders MJ, Fenn TD, Pande VS, Brunger AT (2009) Polarizable atomic multipole X-ray refinement: application to peptide crystals. Acta Crystallogr D 65:952–965
Strop P, Brzustowicz MR, Brunger AT (2007) Ab initio molecular-replacement phasing for symmetric helical membrane proteins. Acta Crystallogr D 63:188–196
Svergun DI, Petoukhov MV, Koch MHJ (2001) Determination of domain structure of proteins from X-ray solution scattering. Biophys J 80:2946–2953
Urzhumtsev A (1991) Low-resolution phases: their influence on SIR-syntheses and retrieval with double-step-filtration. Acta Crystallogr A 47:794–801
Urzhumtsev A, Podjarny AD (1995) On the solution of the molecular-replacement problem at very low resolution: application to large complexes. Acta Crystallogr D 51:888–895
Urzhumtsev A, Podjarny AD (1995) On the problem of solvent modelling in macromolecular crystals using diffractional data: 1. The low resolution range. Joint CCP4 and ESF-EACBM Newsletter on Protein Crystallography, 31: 12–16
Urzhumtsev A, Afonine PV, Adams PD (2009) On the use of logarithmic scales for analysis of diffraction data. Acta Crystallogr D 65:1283–1291
Volkov A, Messerschmidt M, Coppens P (2007) Improving the scattering-factor formalism in protein refinement: application of the University at Buffalo Aspherical-Atom Databank to polypeptide structures. Acta Crystallogr D 63:160–170
von Castelmur E, Marino M, Svergun DI, Kreplak L, Labeit D, Ucurum-Fotiadis Z, Konarev PV, Urzhumtsev A, Labeit S, Mayans O (2007) A regular pattern of Ig super-motifs defines segmental flexibility as the elastic mechanism of the titin chain. Proc Natl Acad Sci 105:1186–1191
Acknowledgment
VL thanks RFBR 10-04-00254-a grant for financial support. PA acknowledges the NIH (grant GH063210) and the Phenix Industrial Consortium for support of the Phenix project. PyMol [13] and coot [15] were used for illustrations. The authors thank all persons contributed to different parts of the relevant projects and A. McEwen for careful reading and correcting the text
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this paper
Cite this paper
Urzhumtsev, A.G., Afonine, P.V., Lunin, V.Y. (2013). Crystallographic Maps and Models at Low and at Subatomic Resolutions. In: Read, R., Urzhumtsev, A., Lunin, V. (eds) Advancing Methods for Biomolecular Crystallography. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6232-9_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6232-9_21
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-6231-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-6232-9
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)