The Beginnings of Long-Term Field Experiments on Crop Rotations at Balti

Abstract

The Balti field experiments were set up in the 1950s in order to meet a pressing need for agronomic knowledge on field crops and crop rotation following collectivization of farms, a big increase in the area of industrial crops like sunflower and sugar beet, accelerated erosion, and plagues of weeds, pests and diseases. The new Selectia Institute for Field Crops at Balti built upon the experience of the Moldovan Experimental Plant Breeding Station and other experimental stations in-country and across the Soviet Union. What were, at the time, novel combinations and treatments were also introduced. Dedicated efforts over the years and the accumulating data provided well-grounded, practical recommendations for improving the structure and management of field crops in the Republic. They have also laid a foundation for modern, advanced cropping systems that combine agrochemical, environmental and economic feasibility.