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The Tricky Ways Bacteria Cope with Iron Limitation

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Iron Uptake in Bacteria with Emphasis on E. coli and Pseudomonas

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science ((SB BIOMETALS))

Abstract

Iron is an essential element for many key redox systems. It is difficult to acquire for cells under oxic conditions, since Fe3+ forms insoluble hydroxides. In the human host, iron is tightly bound to proteins. Bacteria invented iron transport systems which solubilize external Fe3+ by secreted low-molecular weight compounds, designated siderophores, or directly from the human proteins. Gram-negative bacteria contain an intricate energy-coupled iron transport mechanism across the outer membrane which lacks an energy source. The electrochemical potential of the cytoplasmic membrane delivers the energy. Transport across the cytoplasmic membrane is most frequently achieved by ABC transporters in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Under anaerobic conditions, iron is the soluble Fe2+ form and transported different to Fe3+. Iron transport and intracellular iron concentrations are controlled by transcription regulation of iron transport genes. Transcription is turned on under iron-limiting growth conditions which usually exist in natural environments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institute for Developmental Biology, Spemannstrasse 35, Tübingen, 72076, Germany

    Volkmar Braun

  2. IMIT, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, Tübingen, 72076, Germany

    Klaus Hantke

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  1. Volkmar Braun
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  2. Klaus Hantke
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Correspondence to Volkmar Braun .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, 70286, USA

    Ranjan Chakraborty

  2. Max-Planck-Institute for Develop.Biology, Spemannstrasse 33, Tübingen, 72076, Germany

    Volkmar Braun

  3. , IMIT, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, Tübingen, 72076, Germany

    Klaus Hantke

  4. Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, 1050, Belgium

    Pierre Cornelis

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Braun, V., Hantke, K. (2013). The Tricky Ways Bacteria Cope with Iron Limitation. In: Chakraborty, R., Braun, V., Hantke, K., Cornelis, P. (eds) Iron Uptake in Bacteria with Emphasis on E. coli and Pseudomonas. SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science(). Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6088-2_2

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