Abstract
In this chapter we summarize recent and more established data with respect to tight junctions (TJ) and TJ associated changes in human tissues. TJs are considered as multifunctional complexes which are involved not only in regulation of paracellular diffusion, maintenance of cell polarity but also in cell signaling and gene expression regulation. There are several -sometimes contradictory- data about TJ proteins- and genes expression in the different organs of the human body. Clearly, more research is needed to understand the functions and consequences of alterations of different TJ proteins expression in normal as well as tumor tissues in order to clarify contradictory issues. In this chapter we intend to review the immense amount of data published so far in the field of TJs in different organs. For better understanding, we grouped the organs according to their ectodermal, endodermal or mesodermal origin. CLDNs have been identified as the major constituents of TJ strands. All current evidence supports a central role for CLDNs in the functions of the TJs. However, the exact stoichiometry remains unclear and little is known about the molecular mechanisms taking place during assembly and strand formation in normal as well as in tumor tissues. Accordingly, the majority of data presented in this chapter consider the different CLDNs expression in normal human tissues, in premalignant or malignant lesions. Nevertheless, we made an effort to present data about other TJ components in different organs when available.
Keywords
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- AJ:
-
Adherens junction
- BPH:
-
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- BTB:
-
Blood-testis barrier
- CAR:
-
Coxsackie adenovirus receptor
- CDC42:
-
Cell division cycle 42 (GTP-binding protein 25 kDa)
- CD:
-
Coeliac disease
- CGN:
-
Cingulin
- CLDN10:
-
Claudin 10
- CLDN11:
-
Claudin 11 (oligodendrocyte transmembrane protein)
- CLDN12:
-
Claudin 12
- CLDN14:
-
Claudin 14
- CLDN15:
-
Claudin 15
- CLDN16:
-
Claudin 16
- CLDN17:
-
Claudin 17
- CLDN18:
-
Claudin 18
- CLDN19:
-
Claudin 19
- CLDN1:
-
Claudin 1
- CLDN20:
-
Claudin 20
- CLDN2:
-
Claudin 2
- CLDN3:
-
Claudin 3
- CLDN4:
-
Claudin 4
- CLDN5:
-
Claudin 5
- CLDN6:
-
Claudin 6
- CLDN7:
-
Claudin 7
- CLDN8:
-
Claudin 8
- CLDN9:
-
Claudin 9
- CLDN:
-
Claudin
- CLDND2:
-
Claudin domain containing 2
- CRB3:
-
Crumbs homolog 3 (Drosophila)
- CTNNAL1:
-
Catenin (cadherin-associated protein) alpha-like 1
- CTNNBIP1:
-
Catenin beta interacting protein 1
- ECM:
-
Extracellular matrix
- ESCC:
-
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- F11R:
-
F11 receptor
- FHHNC:
-
Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis
- FOV:
-
Foveolar epithelium
- GLUT1:
-
Glucose transporter1
- HB:
-
Hepatoblastoma
- HCC:
-
Hepatocellular carcinoma
- HCE:
-
Human corneal epithelial cells
- HCV:
-
Hepatitis C virus
- HPRT1:
-
Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl-transferase 1
- IDC:
-
Invasive ductal carcinoma
- IUP:
-
Inverted urothelial papillomas
- JAM-A:
-
Junctional adhesion molecule A
- JAM-B:
-
Junctional adhesion molecule B
- JAM-C:
-
Junctional adhesion molecule C
- MAGI1:
-
Membrane-associated guanylate kinase WW and PDZ domain containing 1
- MAGIX:
-
MAGI family member X-linked
- MAGUK:
-
Membrane-associated guanylate kinase
- MARK2:
-
MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase
- MLLT4:
-
Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia (trithorax homolog Drosophila) translocated to 4
- mPCa:
-
Metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma
- MPDZ:
-
Multiple PDZ domain protein
- MPP5:
-
Membrane protein palmitoylated 5 (MAGUK p55 subfamily member 5)
- NAC:
-
Normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma
- OCLN:
-
Occludin
- OSE:
-
Ovarian cell surface epithelium
- PARD3:
-
par-3 partitioning defective 3 homolog
- PARD6A:
-
par-6 partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha
- PCa:
-
Prostatic adenocarcinoma
- PET:
-
Pancreatic endocrine tumors
- PIN:
-
Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
- PUNLMP:
-
Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential
- RHOA:
-
Ras homologous gene family member A
- RPL13A:
-
Ribosomal protein L13a
- SCE:
-
Specialized columnar epithelium
- SDHA:
-
Succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit A, flavoprotein (Fp)
- SG:
-
Stratum granulosum
- SP:
-
Substance P
- SqE:
-
Squamous epithelium
- SSC:
-
Squamous cell carcinoma
- SYMPK:
-
Symplekin
- TER:
-
Transepithelial electrical resistance
- TGFB1:
-
Transforming growth factor beta 1
- TJP3:
-
Tight junction protein 3 (zona occludens 3)
- TJ:
-
Tight junction
- TRIC:
-
Tricellulin
- tTJ:
-
Tricellular tight junctions
- UCC:
-
Urothelial cell carcinoma
- UP:
-
Urothelial papilloma
- ZO1:
-
Tight junction protein 1 (zona occludens 1)
- ZO2:
-
Tight junction protein 2 (zona occludens 2)
- ZO:
-
Zonula occludens
- ZONAB:
-
Zonula occludens 1 (ZO1) –associated nucleic acid binding protein
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Tokes, AM., Schaff, Z., Szasz, A.M., Kulka, J. (2013). The Distribution of Tight Junctions and Junctional Proteins in the Human Body. In: Martin, T., Jiang, W. (eds) Tight Junctions in Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Metastasis - Biology and Treatment, vol 19. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6028-8_2
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