Abstract
European States have been constructed on the assumption that homogeneity of culture and identity is natural and desirable. At the same time, European policies on immigration show a disproportionate emphasis on border control and the regulation of foreign workers, with little emphasis on cultural and identity integration and accommodation. Migrations also suppose a change of the traditional social and economic relations of any society, including the situation and perceptions of traditional minorities. This demands a new conception of diversity management and the need to reread the contents and exercise of fundamental rights. Inclusive citizenship and Multicultural democracy must become the two guiding principles of such a polity redefinition. A real frame of human rights cannot be created without incorporating a reference to identity and a minority approach. Today, we need a new reading of human rights based on the ideas of inclusiveness and diversity. This includes those languages, religions or cultures that have become part of the European multicultural heritage as a consequence of recent population movements.
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Notes
- 1.
Adopted unanimously by the General Conference at its 31st session on 2 November 2001.
- 2.
UNCHR, General Comment, number 23 (50), about Article 27 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, April 6,1994 (Doc. CCPR/C/21/Rev. 1/Add. 5), paragraph 5.3.
- 3.
See, e.g., Recommendation 1500 of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Participation of Immigrants and Foreign residents in the Political Life of the Member States of the Council of Europe, 26 January 2001, paragraphs 4 and 11.4.b; Recommendation 1206 of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Integration of Immigrants and Community Relations, 4 February 1993, paragraph 7; Recommendation 1625 of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Polítics for the Integration of Immigrants within the Member States of the Council of Europe, 30 September 2003, paragraphs 5 and 8.4.d.
- 4.
United Nations Human Rights Committee, case Ballantyne, Davidson and McIntyre versus Canada (communications 359/1989 and 385/1989), 31 March 1993, CCPR/C/47/D/359/1989.
- 5.
See, e.g., European Court of Human Rights, case Cyprus versus Turkey, Appl. 25781/94, Judgment of 10 May 2001.
- 6.
Adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO on 14 December 1960.
- 7.
Emphasis added.
- 8.
Spanish Constitutional Court, Judgement 337/1994, of 23 December 1994, on the Act of Catalonia on Linguistic Normalization, legal fundament 11.
- 9.
European Court of Human Rights, case Cyprus versus Turkey, Appl. 25781/94, Judgment of 10 May 2001, paragraphs 275–280.
- 10.
Adopted in The Hague by a group of experts under the support of the High Commissioner for National Minorities in October of 1996.
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Vieytez, E.J.R. (2013). Immigration and Cultural Justice. A Reflection on Human Rights of “New Minorities”. In: Merle, JC. (eds) Spheres of Global Justice. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5998-5_29
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