Abstract
Many factors in life are complex and difficult to measure directly. Often add-up scores of separate aspects of the complex factors are used. However, add-up scores do not account for their relative importance, their interactions and differences in units. Factor analysis accounts all of this, but is, virtually, unused in clinical research.
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References
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Appendix: Data File of 200 Patients Admitted Because of Sepsis
Appendix: Data File of 200 Patients Admitted Because of Sepsis
Death | Ggt | asat | alat | bili | ureum | creat | c-clear | esr | crp | leucos |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
var 1 | var 2 | var 3 | var 4 | var 5 | var 6 | var 7 | var 8 | var 9 | var 10 | var 11 |
0 | 20 | 23 | 34 | 2 | 3,4 | 89 | −111 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
0 | 14 | 21 | 33 | 3 | 2 | 67 | −112 | 7 | 3 | 6 |
0 | 30 | 35 | 32 | 4 | 5,6 | 58 | −116 | 8 | 4 | 4 |
0 | 35 | 34 | 40 | 4 | 6 | 76 | −110 | 6 | 5 | 7 |
0 | 23 | 33 | 22 | 4 | 6,1 | 95 | −120 | 9 | 6 | 6 |
0 | 26 | 31 | 24 | 3 | 5,4 | 78 | −132 | 8 | 4 | 8 |
0 | 15 | 29 | 26 | 2 | 5,3 | 47 | −120 | 12 | 5 | 5 |
0 | 13 | 26 | 24 | 1 | 6,3 | 65 | −132 | 13 | 6 | 6 |
0 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 4 | 6 | 97 | −112 | 14 | 6 | 7 |
0 | 34 | 25 | 13 | 3 | 4 | 67 | −125 | 15 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 32 | 26 | 24 | 3 | 3,6 | 58 | −110 | 13 | 8 | 6 |
0 | 21 | 13 | 15 | 3 | 3,6 | 69 | −102 | 12 | 2 | 4 |
0 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 3 | 3,2 | 87 | −124 | 11 | 3 | 3 |
0 | 17 | 15 | 8 | 2 | 4,5 | 50 | −112 | 9 | 4 | 2 |
0 | 19 | 16 | 9 | 4 | 4,2 | 80 | −113 | 8 | 4 | 7 |
0 | 16 | 17 | 10 | 3 | 4,9 | 90 | −112 | 18 | 4 | 8 |
0 | 26 | 26 | 34 | 1 | 4,7 | 65 | −117 | 17 | 3 | 9 |
0 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 3 | 5,7 | 76 | −107 | 17 | 5 | 6 |
0 | 24 | 24 | 27 | 4 | 4,2 | 84 | −120 | 15 | 6 | 6 |
0 | 30 | 23 | 26 | 4 | 5,8 | 67 | −120 | 18 | 4 | 5 |
0 | 18 | 12 | 25 | 3 | 5,3 | 68 | −101 | 15 | 7 | 4 |
0 | 2 | 13 | 24 | 3 | 4,8 | 56 | −108 | 16 | 6 | 7 |
0 | 9 | 14 | 15 | 3 | 4,2 | 76 | −111 | 17 | 5 | 8 |
0 | 9 | 17 | 14 | 2 | 5,3 | 96 | −112 | 12 | 8 | 6 |
0 | 5 | 16 | 13 | 2 | 3,2 | 99 | −116 | 13 | 7 | 4 |
0 | 7 | 15 | 12 | 2 | 4,2 | 89 | −110 | 14 | 6 | 7 |
0 | 2 | 18 | 38 | 3 | 5,4 | 70 |  120 | 19 | 9 | 6 |
0 | 20 | 16 | 37 | 3 | 5,9 | 101 | −132 | 18 | 4 | 6 |
0 | 13 | 13 | 36 | 3 | 5,8 | 65 | −120 | 8 | 5 | 8 |
0 | 14 | 3 | 35 | 3 | 4,7 | 87 | −132 | 9 | 7 | 9 |
0 | 16 | 5 | 24 | 4 | 4,6 | 69 | −112 | 7 | 3 | 4 |
0 | 14 | 6 | 25 | 3 | 4,3 | 88 | −125 | 8 | 4 | 3 |
0 | 12 | 4 | 26 | 4 | 3,2 | 80 | −110 | 9 | 4 | 2 |
0 | 14 | 3 | 27 | 2 | 3 | 97 | −102 | 7 | 5 | 5 |
0 | 16 | 8 | 13 | 3 | 5 | 79 | −124 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
0 | 20 | 23 | 14 | 2 | 3,6 | 86 | −112 | 9 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 19 | 236 | 15 | 2 | 3,4 | 78 | −113 | 7 | 6 | 6 |
0 | 27 | 25 | 16 | 2 | 3,5 | 845 | −112 | 12 | 8 | 7 |
0 | 16 | 24 | 17 | 3 | 3,8 | 83 | −117 | 14 | 8 | 4 |
0 | 26 | 3 | 24 | 3 | 4,2 | 94 | −107 | 13 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 25 | 24 | 25 | 3 | 4,3 | 82 | −120 | 15 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 24 | 12 | 26 | 4 | 5,7 | 83 | −120 | 15 | 7 | 4 |
0 | 27 | 17 | 27 | 4 | 5,3 | 98 | −101 | 14 | 4 | 3 |
0 | 23 | 15 | 28 | 4 | 5,4 | 83 | −108 | 16 | 5 | 2 |
0 | 20 | 13 | 14 | 3 | 5,8 | 84 | −132 | 13 | 6 | 7 |
0 | 17 | 13 | 13 | 3 | 5,4 | 88 | −120 | 17 | 7 | 8 |
0 | 16 | 12 | 12 | 3 | 5,3 | 82 | −132 | 14 | 6 | 9 |
0 | 15 | 17 | 15 | 2 | 6,4 | 89 | −112 | 13 | 9 | 6 |
0 | 15 | 15 | 25 | 2 | 3,4 | 72 | −125 | 15 | 4 | 6 |
0 | 14 | 14 | 24 | 2 | 2 | 78 | −110 | 12 | 5 | 5 |
0 | 13 | 13 | 23 | 1 | 5,6 | 73 | −102 | 16 | 7 | 4 |
0 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 1 | 6 | 79 | −124 | 7 | 3 | 7 |
0 | 26 | 28 | 18 | 1 | 6,1 | 74 | −112 | 8 | 4 | 8 |
0 | 37 | 17 | 17 | 3 | 5,4 | 78 | −113 | 7 | 4 | 6 |
0 | 25 | 26 | 16 | 4 | 5,3 | 79 | −112 | 16 | 5 | 4 |
0 | 36 | 15 | 29 | 2 | 6,3 | 89 | −117 | 15 | 7 | 7 |
0 | 35 | 27 |  8 | 3 | 6 | 67 | −107 | 17 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 24 | 14 | 27 | 4 | 4 | 76 | −120 | 8 | 6 | 6 |
0 | 15 | 22 | 26 | 2 | 3,6 | 75 | −120 | 9 | 8 | 8 |
0 | 17 | 21 | 16 | 4 | 3,6 | 87 | −101 | 9 | 8 | 9 |
0 | 28 | 11 | 17 | 3 | 3,2 | 77 | −108 | 13 | 7 | 4 |
0 | 29 | 13 | 18 | 2 | 4,5 | 88 | −100 | 15 | 7 | 3 |
0 | 16 | 14 | 19 | 4 | 4,2 | 67 | −102 | 14 | 7 | 2 |
0 | 18 | 16 | 26 | 3 | 4,9 | 87 | −105 | 17 | 4 | 5 |
0 | 14 | 14 | 27 | 2 | 4,7 | 76 | −109 | 18 | 5 | 5 |
0 | 15 | 18 | 28 | 4 | 5,7 | 87 | −108 | 16 | 6 | 6 |
0 | 16 | 27 | 29 | 3 | 4,2 | 77 | −102 | 14 | 4 | 6 |
0 | 24 | 25 | 24 | 2 | 5,8 | 69 | −110 | 16 | 5 | 7 |
0 | 21 | 29 | 25 | 4 | 5,3 | 78 | −112 | 15 | 7 | 4 |
0 | 21 | 24 | 23 | 3 | 4,8 | 69 | −113 | 14 | 3 | 6 |
0 | 23 | 23 | 26 | 2 | 4,2 | 71 | −111 | 14 | 4 | 6 |
0 | 24 | 14 | 25 | 2 | 5,3 | 72 | −111 | 16 | 4 | 8 |
0 | 25 | 17 | 27 | 3 | 3,2 | 83 | −113 | 13 | 5 | 9 |
0 | 21 | 15 | 13 | 2 | 4,2 | 92 | −120 | 17 | 7 | 4 |
0 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 3 | 5,4 | 93 | −119 | 14 | 7 | 3 |
0 | 14 | 18 |  4 | 2 | 5,9 | 91 | −117 | 13 | 6 | 2 |
0 | 15 | 25 |  3 | 2 | 5,9 | 82 | −114 | 15 | 8 | 5 |
0 | 16 | 26 |  2 | 2 | 5,8 | 83 | −120 | 12 | 8 | 5 |
0 | 25 | 23 | 15 | 2 | 4,7 | 79 | −131 | 16 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 34 | 24 | 14 | 3 | 4,6 | 89 | −120 | 7 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 23 | 23 | 26 | 3 | 4,3 | 67 | −102 | 8 | 7 | 7 |
0 | 15 | 23 | 14 | 3 | 3,2 | 76 | −105 | 7 | 4 | 4 |
0 | 36 | 15 | 27 | 3 | 3 | 75 | −109 | 16 | 5 | 4 |
0 | 24 | 14 | 14 | 4 | 5 | 87 | −108 | 15 | 6 | 7 |
0 | 34 | 27 | 27 | 4 | 3,6 | 77 | −102 | 17 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 21 | 27 | 15 | 3 | 3,4 | 88 | −110 | 8 | 6 | 8 |
0 | 35 | 25 | 14 | 4 | 3,5 | 67 | −112 | 9 | 8 | 5 |
0 | 23 | 25 | 24 | 2 | 3,8 | 87 | −113 | 9 | 8 | 6 |
0 | 23 | 14 | 15 | 3 | 4,2 | 76 | −111 | 13 | 7 | 7 |
0 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 4 | 4,3 | 87 | −111 | 15 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 24 | 25 | 15 | 2 | 5,7 | 77 | −113 | 14 | 7 | 6 |
0 | 15 | 14 | 26 | 3 | 5,3 | 69 | −120 | 17 | 4 | 4 |
0 | 26 | 25 | 14 | 4 | 5,4 | 78 | −119 | 18 | 5 | 3 |
0 | 26 | 34 | 27 | 2 | 5,8 | 69 | −117 | 16 | 6 | 2 |
0 | 27 | 33 | 15 | 3 | 4,3 | 71 | −114 | 14 | 4 | 7 |
0 | 14 | 30 | 24 | 4 | 4,1 | 72 | −120 | 16 | 5 | 8 |
0 | 25 | 29 | 15 | 3 | 3,8 | 83 | −131 | 15 | 7 | 9 |
0 | 14 | 28 | 26 | 2 | 3,8 | 92 | −120 | 14 | 3 | 6 |
0 | 13 | 18 | 23 | 1 | 3,5 | 93 | −110 | 12 | 4 | 6 |
0 | 25 | 16 | 29 | 201 | 4,8 | 91 | −102 | 14 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 609 | 599 | 1,500 | 304 | 3,5 | 93 | −110 | 12 | 4 | 6 |
1 | 1,500 | 709 | 1,154 | 400 | 46 | 601 | −10 | 7 | 7 | 8 |
1 | 1,453 | 876 | 1,342 | 254 | 58 | 606 | −12 | 150 | 7 | 25 |
1 | 25 | 16 | 29 | 201 | 90 | 645 | −13 | 180 | 6 | 24 |
1 | 757 | 588 | 1,453 | 344 | 98 | 765 | −14 | 143 | 8 | 30 |
1 | 566 | 690 | 1,432 | 233 | 76 | 625 | −14 | 112 | 8 | 30 |
1 | 899 | 588 | 1,276 | 204 | 3,8 | 92 | −120 | 14 | 3 | 6 |
1 | 2,300 | 800 | 876 | 301 | 46 | 654 | −6 | 109 | 7 | 23 |
1 | 1,320 | 1,980 | 845 | 382 | 76 | 567 | −7 | 123 | 7 | 26 |
1 | 1,342 | 1,870 | 756 | 203 | 45 | 578 | −4 | 143 | 4 | 22 |
1 | 709 | 1,980 | 645 | 254 | 42 | 865 | −4 | 125 | 5 | 26 |
1 | 687 | 800 | 543 | 244 | 43 | 577 | −6 | 143 | 6 | 23 |
1 | 25 | 29 | 15 | 3 | 45 | 566 | −7 | 123 | 100 | 29 |
1 | 599 | 868 | 856 | 265 | 46 | 544 | −9 | 165 | 120 | 30 |
1 | 900 | 759 | 856 | 287 | 45 | 532 | −8 | 109 | 103 | 23 |
1 | 876 | 760 | 876 | 300 | 48 | 657 | −5 | 102 | 90 | 24 |
1 | 945 | 879 | 946 | 266 | 87 | 685 | −5 | 104 | 89 | 25 |
1 | 603 | 576 | 973 | 203 | 67 | 768 | −5 | 104 | 79 | 24 |
1 | 1,065 | 1,487 | 865 | 265 | 63 | 675 | −10 | 105 | 110 | 30 |
1 | 26 | 34 | 27 | 2 | 54 | 666 | −10 | 108 | 124 | 30 |
1 | 1,243 | 577 | 675 | 253 | 65 | 765 | −11 | 116 | 87 | 29 |
1 | 1,258 | 900 | 774 | 287 | 80 | 845 | −12 | 157 | 84 | 23 |
1 | 1,600 | 798 | 766 | 376 | 65 | 503 | −7 | 120 | 83 | 26 |
1 | 25 | 17 | 27 | 3 | 3,2 | 83 | −113 | 123 | 140 | 30 |
1 | 1,208 | 1,500 | 958 | 387 | 69 | 534 | −14 | 119 | 187 | 26 |
1 | 340 | 450 | 301 | 165 | 32 | 300 | −20 | 61 | 34 | 18 |
1 | 498 | 436 | 344 | 176 | 33 | 345 | −30 | 65 | 35 | 18 |
1 | 345 | 465 | 365 | 134 | 24 | 450 | −34 | 65 | 36 | 19 |
1 | 376 | 388 | 465 | 135 | 23 | 342 | −20 | 69 | 45 | 19 |
1 | 354 | 366 | 499 | 186 | 25 | 260 | −23 | 83 | 46 | 19 |
1 | 387 | 457 | 354 | 124 | 34 | 276 | −26 | 78 | 47 | 20 |
1 | 399 | 497 | 365 | 125 | 35 | 265 | −25 | 76 | 47 | 18 |
1 | 25 | 16 | 29 | 201 | 38 | 345 | −22 | 56 | 46 | 22 |
1 | 454 | 398 | 477 | 124 | 35 | 376 | −21 | 65 | 45 | 21 |
1 | 497 | 355 | 476 | 136 | 25 | 333 | 27 | 45 | 36 | 20 |
1 | 477 | 389 | 365 | 154 | 24 | 334 | −32 | 54 | 85 | 22 |
1 | 459 | 450 | 345 | 143 | 28 | 423 | −30 | 34 | 34 | 21 |
1 | 432 | 487 | 376 | 175 | 26 | 260 | −32 | 43 | 32 | 21 |
1 | 412 | 499 | 498 | 164 | 23 | 287 | −31 | 76 | 34 | 21 |
1 | 302 | 378 | 499 | 145 | 26 | 299 | −23 | 87 | 43 | 19 |
1 | 306 | 320 | 376 | 156 | 25 | 246 | −15 | 98 | 45 | 19 |
1 | 376 | 421 | 465 | 176 | 36 | 256 | −18 | 67 | 43 | 18 |
1 | 385 | 435 | 387 | 145 | 35 | 276 | −23 | 86 | 34 | 17 |
1 | 320 | 428 | 465 | 165 | 34 | 299 | −24 | 78 | 34 | 19 |
1 | 376 | 459 | 389 | 135 | 25 | 267 | −29 | 97 | 33 | 20 |
1 | 345 | 490 | 356 | 176 | 26 | 256 | −23 | 66 | 34 | 18 |
1 | 14 | 3 | 35 | 3 | 4,7 | 87 | −132 | 120 | 135 | 30 |
1 | 24 | 25 | 15 | 2 | 29 | 599 | −16 | 75 | 36 | 21 |
1 | 14 | 28 | 26 | 2 | 3,8 | 92 | −120 | 74 | 137 | 29 |
1 | 28 | 11 | 17 | 3 | 3,2 | 77 | −108 | 132 | 185 | 30 |
1 | 159 | 180 | 287 | 56 | 14 | 240 | −40 | 40 | 20 | 14 |
1 | 169 | 154 | 267 | 75 | 13 | 244 | −50 | 42 | 21 | 15 |
1 | 178 | 176 | 265 | 46 | 19 | 235 | −42 | 43 | 23 | 16 |
1 | 180 | 287 | 286 | 85 | 18 | 224 | −43 | 50 | 29 | 16 |
1 | 194 | 277 | 257 | 67 | 17 | 231 | −48 | 59 | 28 | 16 |
1 | 175 | 250 | 276 | 95 | 17 | 231 | −41 | 36 | 28 | 15 |
1 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 3 | 18 | 241 | −42 | 45 | 25 | 17 |
1 | 21 | 27 | 15 | 3 | 3,4 | 88 | −110 | 160 | 243 | 29 |
1 | 164 | 199 | 177 | 66 | 14 | 176 | −38 | 46 | 27 | 18 |
1 | 174 | 256 | 186 | 67 | 18 | 165 | −39 | 38 | 25 | 18 |
1 | 188 | 234 | 156 | 63 | 16 | 174 | −42 | 45 | 28 | 17 |
1 | 196 | 285 | 197 | 65 | 15 | 165 | −59 | 46 | 24 | 16 |
1 | 275 | 237 | 167 | 84 | 19 | 177 | −56 | 43 | 28 | 16 |
1 | 266 | 263 | 187 | 54 | 14 | 198 | −45 | 42 | 25 | 16 |
1 | 245 | 296 | 287 | 60 | 12 | 154 | −54 | 48 | 24 | 15 |
1 | 290 | 188 | 165 | 67 | 14 | 156 | −53 | 47 | 26 | 14 |
1 | 275 | 182 | 167 | 69 | 14 | 187 | −57 | 45 | 27 | 15 |
1 | 267 | 139 | 177 | 74 | 13 | 167 | −48 | 37 | 28 | 14 |
1 | 257 | 149 | 123 | 73 | 16 | 154 | −45 | 36 | 25 | 16 |
1 | 276 | 200 | 154 | 72 | 15 | 243 | −55 | 38 | 24 | 16 |
1 | 276 | 230 | 156 | 79 | 17 | 235 | −54 | 34 | 23 | 15 |
1 | 269 | 264 | 267 | 69 | 19 | 244 | −55 | 45 | 29 | 15 |
1 | 162 | 276 | 287 | 87 | 16 | 175 | −36 | 46 | 26 | 16 |
1 | 263 | 287 | 234 | 85 | 16 | 165 | −37 | 47 | 27 | 16 |
1 | 172 | 288 | 265 | 83 | 13 | 149 | −38 | 34 | 25 | 15 |
0 | 100 | 80 | 47 | 14 | 9 | 134 | −61 | 29 | 12 | 13 |
0 | 102 | 53 | 67 | 17 | 8 | 144 | −70 | 28 | 14 | 12 |
1 | 80 | 63 | 87 | 45 | 7 | 132 | −65 | 28 | 15 | 11 |
0 | 89 | 72 | 120 | 43 | 9 | 127 | −85 | 28 | 13 | 12 |
1 | 120 | 82 | 143 | 44 | 8 | 136 | −80 | 26 | 16 | 12 |
1 | 143 | 87 | 67 | 37 | 7,4 | 128 | −70 | 20 | 17 | 14 |
1 | 75 | 84 | 145 | 39 | 7,6 | 137 | −66 | 28 | 18 | 14 |
1 | 79 | 73 | 149 | 47 | 7,3 | 133 | −68 | 27 | 16 | 13 |
1 | 99 | 93 | 100 | 49 | 8,7 | 137 | −66 | 26 | 16 | 14 |
0 | 92 | 110 | 108 | 27 | 8,9 | 142 | −72 | 29 | 14 | 13 |
0 | 79 | 129 | 109 | 26 | 9 | 136 | −73 | 23 | 13 | 12 |
1 | 130 | 143 | 105 | 25 | 9,4 | 142 | −70 | 24 | 15 | 11 |
1 | 134 | 145 | 90 | 39 | 7,6 | 149 | −67 | 25 | 18 | 12 |
1 | 149 | 137 | 93 | 38 | 9 | 143 | −80 | 23 | 19 | 12 |
1 | 134 | 142 | 95 | 48 | 8 | 138 | −67 | 24 | 16 | 14 |
1 | 145 | 130 | 108 | 46 | 7 | 132 | −65 | 25 | 16 | 14 |
1 | 123 | 90 | 102 | 43 | 9 | 136 | −76 | 23 | 17 | 13 |
1 | 27 | 33 | 15 | 3 | 4,3 | 71 | −114 | 24 | 19 | 14 |
1 | 95 | 56 | 105 | 41 | 7,4 | 148 | −65 | 25 | 15 | 13 |
0 | 134 | 58 | 109 | 46 | 7,6 | 143 | −64 | 27 | 13 | 12 |
1 | 125 | 49 | 93 | 48 | 7,3 | 136 | −64 | 25 | 16 | 11 |
1 | 23 | 25 | 24 | 2 | 3,8 | 87 | −113 | 28 | 16 | 12 |
1 | 129 | 76 | 95 | 46 | 8,9 | 144 | −68 | 26 | 18 | 12 |
1 | 25 | 23 | 15 | 2 | 4,7 | 79 | −131 | 29 | 19 | 14 |
1 | 16 | 5 | 24 | 4 | 4,9 | 90 | −112 | 27 | 15 | 14 |
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Cleophas, T.J., Zwinderman, A.H. (2013). Factor Analysis. In: Machine Learning in Medicine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5824-7_14
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