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Response of Mature, Developing and Senescing Chloroplasts to Environmental Stress

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Plastid Development in Leaves during Growth and Senescence

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 36))

Summary

The composition, organization and function of the photosynthetic apparatus of higher plants change in response to different environmental stress conditions. The changes include disorganization of thylakoid membranes, alteration in the composition and function of ­light-harvesting complexes (LHC), impairment of electron transport chain and inactivation of reaction centers of photosystems (PSI and PSII), ATP synthase and enzymes of the Calvin-Benson cycle. It is believed that these changes bring about imbalances in photostasis of photosynthesis, redox homeostasis, and endogenous sugar status. These imbalances are responsible for the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and play important regulatory roles in the process of acclimation of plants to various environments. There is convincing evidence that such imbalances modulate the expression of many plastid and nuclear genes encoding photosynthetic components. However, with respect to both damage and acclimation, the responses to environmental stress factors of mature, developing and sene­scing chloroplasts are different. This chapter discusses the evidences for the different aspects of acclimation and provides an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of damage and acclimation of chloroplasts during different phases of leaf development.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid;

b Zip:

Basic leucine zipper;

Car:

Carotenoids;

Chl:

Chlorophyll;

GSH:

Glutathione;

JA:

Jasmonic acid;

LHC:

Light harvesting complex;

LHCP:

Light harvesting chlorophyll protein complex;

PLB:

Prolamellar body;

POR:

Protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase;

PSI (II):

Photosystem I (II);

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species;

Rubisco:

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase;

SA:

Salicylic acid;

SAGs :

Senescence associated genes;

SDG :

Senescence down-regulating genes;

SnRK 1:

Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related kinase 1

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Acknowledgments

We thank Udaya C. Biswal and Bartolomé Sabater for valuable suggestions and critical reading of this manuscript. Financial support by University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi to PJ [No. 35-161/2008 (SR)], to ANM [No.36-302/2008 (SR)] and by Depart­ment of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of Odisha to BB (ST-Bio-19/2008/1149/ST) are gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Physics, Anchal College, Padampur, 768036, Bargarh, Odisha, India

    Padmanava Joshi & Lalitendu Nayak

  2. Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 835205, India

    Amarendra N. Misra

  3. School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Sambalpur, 768019, Odisha, India

    Basanti Biswal

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  1. , School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyotivihar, Sambalpur, 768019, Orissa, India

    Basanti Biswal

  2. Botanisches Institut, Universität Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, Kiel, 24118, Germany

    Karin Krupinska

  3. School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Orissa, 768 019, India

    Udaya C. Biswal

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Joshi, P., Nayak, L., Misra, A.N., Biswal, B. (2013). Response of Mature, Developing and Senescing Chloroplasts to Environmental Stress. In: Biswal, B., Krupinska, K., Biswal, U. (eds) Plastid Development in Leaves during Growth and Senescence. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 36. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5724-0_28

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