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Wetland Soils

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Soils

Abstract

Lands that remain waterlogged or inundated for most of the time of the year so that conditions become conducive to the development of hydrophytic vegetation are called wetlands. Wetlands may be natural or man-made. There are many different types of wetlands, including coastal and inland, tidal and swamp, and saline and freshwater. Bogs, swamps, marshes, fens, and peatlands are some typical wetland types. Wetlands perform important ecological functions, including storage and filtration of water, groundwater recharge, settling of sediments, and removal of pollutants. Wetlands are important reservoirs of carbon, and disturbance of wetlands may increase emission of greenhouse gases stemming from the decomposition of organic matter accumulated in an anaerobic environment over a long time. Many wetlands have been degraded, and in 1971 world nations in Ramsar Convention have agreed to preserve the wetlands. Wetlands have interesting biogeochemistry which is governed mainly by saturation with water, aeration, groundwater fluctuation, and Eh. These transformations are inextricably linked to the functions of the wetlands.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh

    Khan Towhid Osman

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  1. Khan Towhid Osman
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Correspondence to Khan Towhid Osman .

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Osman, K.T. (2013). Wetland Soils. In: Soils. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5663-2_13

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