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Paleosols of Mexico: Origin, Paleoecological Significance, Role in the Actual Soil Mantle

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The Soils of Mexico

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Abstract

Paleosols—soils formed in the landscapes of the past, different from the modern ones—constitute an interesting and important object of soil research in Mexico. Buried paleosols of different age are very frequent and could provide an insight in the climate and ecosystem history. They are supposed but yet not investigated in the Pre-Quaternary continental geological strata. Younger paleosols are studied in the Quaternary volcanic sequences, demonstrating evidences of soil evolution under persistent climatic conditions as well as signals of climatic change. In the alluvial sequences, paleosols are frequently associated with paleontological and archeological materials producing combined records. Paleosols frequently occur on the modern land surface being a relict element within the present day soil mantle. Red soils of the karstic geosystems of Yucatan and arid regions of Sonora as well as tepetate (hardened volcanic horizons) of Central Mexico are relict soil bodies.

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Acknowledgments

First, we acknowledge the contribution of all people that have worked in the Mexican Group of Paleosols: to our students and colleagues. The development of paleopedology in Mexico has been possible through their work. Special thanks to Jorge Gama, René Alcalá, Teresa Pi, Kumiko Shimada, who have done field work and/or analyses in the different phases of research. With gratitude and respect, we remember Ernestina Vallejo-Gómez whose collaboration was so valuable for our Group at its first steps. This chapter includes partially the work of the following students: Berenice Solís, Rosa Elena Tovar, Héctor Cabadas, Jaime Díaz, and Carolina Jasso. We also acknowledge the support given by CONACYT (National Council of Science and Technology) and DGAPA, UNAM (General Direction of Academic Personal Affairs) through its program PAPIIT (Program of Support to Research and Technological Innovation). Both have been funded the paleopedological research through several projects. DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service), DFG (German Research Foundation), and ICSU (International Council for Science) provided funds for our international cooperation that is greatly appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Karelian Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biology, Petrozavodsk, Russia

    Pavel Krasilnikov

  2. Soil Science Program, Colegio de Posgraduados, Montecillo, Mexico

    Ma del Carmen Gutiérrez-Castorena

  3. National Soil Survey Center, USDA, Lincoln, 68508-3866, USA

    Robert J Ahrens

  4. Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografía, Av. Héroes de Nacozari Sur 2301, 20276, Aguascalientes, Mexico

    Carlos Omar Cruz-Gaistardo

  5. Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Coyoacán, Mexico

    Sergey Sedov & Elizabeth Solleiro-Rebolledo

  6. Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    Pavel Krasilnikov

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  1. Pavel Krasilnikov
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Correspondence to Pavel Krasilnikov .

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Krasilnikov, P., Gutiérrez-Castorena, M.d.C., Ahrens, R.J., Cruz-Gaistardo, C.O., Sedov, S., Solleiro-Rebolledo, E. (2013). Paleosols of Mexico: Origin, Paleoecological Significance, Role in the Actual Soil Mantle. In: The Soils of Mexico. World Soils Book Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5660-1_8

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