Skip to main content

Aging on Indian Reservations: The Ugly, the Bad, and the Good

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Rural Aging in 21st Century America

Part of the book series: Understanding Population Trends and Processes ((UPTA,volume 7))

  • 1077 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter examines the conditions for the older population on Indian reservations and how those conditions compare to the non-Indian population. The discussion opens on a national level, though the focus is on tribes in the Western United States. Older Indians on reservations are aging in a society where they are an almost invisible part of rural America. Yet the reservations, despite the poor socioeconomic conditions on many, represent home and a place for off-reservation Native Americans to come back to. To include the voices of Indian elders and gain insights into how they perceive being elders, we report on interviews conducted with older Indians on the Nez Perce reservation in Idaho. The Nez Perce interviews provide insights into how different tribal elders perceive their status and how it has or has not been affected by recent changes on the reservation. We conclude with a discussion of our findings and prospects for the future.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Banner, S. (2005). How the Indians lost their land: Law and power on the frontier. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackhawk, N. (2006). Violence over the land: Indians and empires in the early American West. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blank, R. H. (1988). Individualism in Idaho: The territorial foundations. Pullman: Washington State University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boag, P. G. (1992). Environment and experience: Settlement culture in nineteenth-century Oregon. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyle, P., Halfacree, K., & Robinson, V. (1998). Exploring contemporary migration. Harlow: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, D. L., & Glasgow, N. (2008). Rural retirement migration. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, J. E., Junk, V. W., Fox, L. K., Rudzitis, G., & Cann, S. E. (1998). Factors affecting retirement migration to Idaho: An adaptation of the amenity retirement migration model. The Gerontologist, 38(1), 18–24. doi:10.1093/geront/38.1.18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coward, R. T., Cutler, S. J., & Mullens, R. A. (1990). Residential differences in the composition of the helping networks of impaired elders. Family Relations, 39(1), 44–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deloria, V. (1969). Custer died for your sins: An Indian manifesto. New York: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Folbre, N. (1995). “Holding hands at midnight”: The paradox of caring labor. Feminist Economics, 1(1), 73–92. doi:10.1080/714042215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Folbre, N. (2006). Measuring care: Gender, empowerment, and the care economy. Journal of Human Development, 7(2), 183–199. doi:10.1080/14649880600768512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frantz, K. (1999). Indian reservations in the United States: Territory, sovereignty, and socioeconomic change. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glick, P. C. (1947). The family cycle. American Sociological Review, 12(2), 164–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Golant, S. M., Rudzitis, G., & Daiches, S. O. L. (1978). Migration of the elderly from U.S. Central cities. Growth and Change, 9(4), 30–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzales, A. A. (2003). Gaming and displacement: Winners and losers in American Indian casino development. International Social Science Journal, 55(175), 123–133. doi:10.1111/1468-2451.5501012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzales, A. A., Lyson, T. A., & Mauer, K. W. (2007). What does a casino mean to a tribe? Assessing the impact of casino development on Indian reservations in Arizona and New Mexico. The Social Science Journal, 44(3), 405–419. doi:10.1016/j.soscij.2007.07.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development. (2007). The state of the native nations: Conditions under U.S. policies of self-determination. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jorgensen, M. (Ed.). (2007). Rebuilding native nations: Strategies for governance and development. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Josephy, A. M. (1965). The Nez Perce Indians and the opening of the Northwest. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Josephy, A. M. (Ed.). (2006). Lewis and Clark through Indian eyes. New York: Vintage Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • LaDuke, W. (1999). All our relations: Native struggles for land and life. Cambridge, MA: South End Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • LaDuke, W. (2005). Recovering the sacred: The power of naming and claiming. Cambridge, MA: South End Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landeen, D., & Pinkham, A. (1999). Salmon and his people: Fish and fishing in Nez Perce culture. Lewiston: Confluence Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lansing, J. B., & Kish, L. (1957). Family life cycle as an independent variable. American Sociological Review, 22(5), 512–519.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Law, C. M., & Warnes, A. M. (1976). The changing geography of the elderly in England and Wales. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 1(4), 453–471.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawson, V. (2007). Geographies of care and responsibility. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 97(1), 1–11. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.2007.00520.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Litwak, E., & Longino, C. F. (1987). Migration patterns among the elderly: A developmental perspective. The Gerontologist, 27(3), 266–272. doi:10.1093/geront/27.3.266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy, K. F. (1976). The household life cycle and housing choices. Papers in Regional Science, 37(1), 55–80. doi:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1976.tb00968.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neugarten, B. L. (1974). Age groups in American society and the rise of the young-old. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 415(1), 187–198. doi:10.1177/000271627441500114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neugarten, B. L. (1975). The future and the young-old. The Gerontologist, 15(1 Part 2), 4–9. doi:10.1093/geront/15.1_Part_2.4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norris, T., Vines, P. L., & Hoeffel, E. M. (2012). The American Indian and Alaska native population: 2010 (2010 Census Briefs C2-1-BR-10). Washington, DC: US Census Bureau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peek, M. K., Coward, R. T., Peek, C. W., & Lee, G. R. (1998). Are expectations for care related to the receipt of care? An analysis of parent care among disabled elders. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 53B(3), S127–S136. doi:10.1093/geronb/53B.3.S127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, E. R. (2003). The health status of American Indian and Alaska native males. American Journal of Public Health, 93(5), 774–778. doi:10.2105/ajph.93.5.774.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, E. R., & Cravatt, K. (2004). American Indians and Alaska natives. In N. Glasgow, L. W. Morton, & N. E. Johnson (Eds.), Critical issues in rural health (pp. 127–139). Ames: Blackwell Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossi, P. H. (1955). Why families move: A study in the social psychology of urban residential mobility. Glencoe: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudzitis, G. (1982). Residential location determinants of the older population (Department of Geography Research Paper No. 202). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudzitis, G. (1996). Wilderness and the changing American West. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudzitis, G. (2005). Indigenous Indian populations, racist discourses and ongoing conflicts in the American Northwest. In P. Lagayette (Ed.), Exchange: Practices and representation (pp. 171–196). Paris: Presses de l’Université Paris-Sorbonne.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudzitis, G. (2006). Gaming, population change, and rural development on Indian reservations: An Idaho case study. In W. A. Kandel & D. L. Brown (Eds.), Population change and rural society (pp. 219–232). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Rudzitis, G. (2009). Amenity development in the American West: Tonic or poison? In L. A. G. Moss, R. S. Glorioso, A. Krause, & K. Stauffer (Eds.), Understanding and managing amenity-led migration in mountain regions (pp. 84–90). Banff: Banff Centre Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rundstrom, R., Deur, D., Berry, K., & Winchell, D. (2004). American Indian geography. In G. L. Gaile & C. J. Willmott (Eds.), Geography in America at the dawn of the 21st century (pp. 600–615). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snipp, C. M. (1991). American Indians: The first of this land. New York: Russell Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snipp, C. M., & Sandefur, G. D. (1988). Earnings of American Indians and Alaskan natives: The effects of residence and migration. Social Forces, 66(4), 994–1008. doi:10.1093/sf/66.4.994.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sturtevant, W. C., & Walker, D. E. (1998). Handbook of North American Indians (Plateau, Vol. 12). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, D. T., & Knudtson, P. (1992). Wisdom of the elders: Honoring sacred native visions of nature. New York: Bantam Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J. B., & Kalt, J. P. (2005). American Indians on reservations: A databook of socioeconomic change between the 1990 and 2000 censuses. Cambridge, MA: The Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development, Harvard University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trahant, M. N. (2009, September 16). The Indian health service paradox. Kaiser Health News.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trahant, M. N. (2010). The last great battle of the Indian wars. Fort Hall: The Cedars Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • US Census Bureau. (2000a). American Indian and Alaskan native summary file. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau.

    Google Scholar 

  • US Census Bureau. (2000b). Data for 539 tribes: Profile of general demographic characteristics. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau.

    Google Scholar 

  • US Census Bureau. (2007). Minority population tops 100 million. http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/population/cb07-70.html. Accessed 10 Apr 2012.

  • US Census Bureau. (2010). Census redistricting data summary file, Table P1. Washington, DC: US Department of Commerce, US Census Bureau.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, C. (2005). Blood struggle: The rise of modern Indian nations. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yee, W., & Van Arsdol, M. D. (1977). Residential mobility, age, and the life cycle. Journal of Gerontology, 32(2), 211–221. doi:10.1093/geronj/32.2.211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Young, I. M. (1990). Justice and the politics of difference. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuckerman, S., Haley, J., Roubideaux, Y., & Lillie-Blanton, M. (2004). Health service access, use, and insurance coverage among American Indians/Alaska natives and whites: What role does the Indian health service play? American Journal of Public Health, 94(1), 53–59. doi:10.2105/ajph.94.1.53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gundars Rudzitis .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rudzitis, G., Barbier, N., Mallickan, D. (2013). Aging on Indian Reservations: The Ugly, the Bad, and the Good. In: Glasgow, N., Berry, E. (eds) Rural Aging in 21st Century America. Understanding Population Trends and Processes, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5567-3_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics