Abstract
The greying of populations has the potential to be divisive or to be a benefit to rural places and communities. The age, sex, race/ethnic and immigrant composition of the 65 years of age and older population is discussed in terms of both challenges and opportunities for rural areas. The diversity of the aging population, in particular, is considered as well as issues related to transportation and amenities in rural places.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
See www.rupri.org
References
Baldwin, L.-M., Chan, L., Andrilla, C. H. A., Huff, E. D., & Hart, L. G. (2010). Quality of care for myocardial infarction in rural and urban hospitals. The Journal of Rural Health, 26(1), 51–57. doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2009.00265.x.
Berke, E. M., West, A. N., Wallace, A. E., & Weeks, W. B. (2009). Practical and policy implications of using different rural–urban classification systems: A case study of inpatient service utilization among veterans administration users. The Journal of Rural Health, 25(3), 259–266. doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2009.00228.x.
Brooks, T., Lee, S. L., Berry, H., & Toney, M. B. (2010). The effects of occupational aspirations and other factors on the out-migration of rural youth [Online]. Journal of Rural and Community Development, 5(3), 19–36.
Brown, D. L., & Glasgow, N. (2008). Rural retirement migration. Dordrecht: Springer.
Brown, D. L., & Schafft, K. A. (2011). Rural people and communities in the 21st century: Resilience and transformation. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Carr, D., & Bodnar-Deren, S. (2009). Gender, aging and widowhood. In P. Uhlenberg (Ed.), International handbook of population aging (pp. 705–728). Dordrecht: Springer.
Cromartie, J., & Nelson, P. B. (2009). Baby boom migration and its impact on rural America (Economic Research Report No. 79). Washington, DC: Economic Research Service, US Department of Agriculture.
Employee Benefit Research Institute. (2012). EBRI databook on employee benefits. http://www.ebri.org/publications/books/?fa=databook. Accessed 1 May 2012.
Fan, L., Shah, M. N., Veazie, P. J., & Friedman, B. (2011). Factors associated with emergency department use among the rural elderly. The Journal of Rural Health, 27(1), 39–49. doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2010.00313.x.
Gist, J. R., Figueiredo, C., & Verma, S. K. (2012). Boom and bust: Housing equity withdrawal and consumption decisions and their impacts on household wealth. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 24(1), 1–28. doi:10.1080/08959420.2011.605682.
Glasgow, N. (2000). Transportation transitions and social integration of nonmetropolitan older persons. In K. Pillemer, P. Moen, E. Wethington, & N. Glasgow (Eds.), Social integration in the second half of life (pp. 108–131). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Glasgow, N., & Brown, D. L. (2012). Rural ageing in the United States: Trends and contexts. Journal of Rural Studies 28, 422–431. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2012.01.002.
Golant, S. M. (1975). Residential concentrations of the future elderly. The Gerontologist, 15(1 Part 2), 16–23. doi:10.1093/geront/15.1_Part_2.16.
Haig, R. M., & McCrea, R. C. (1927). Major economic factors in metropolitan growth and arrangement: A study of trends and tendencies in the economic activities within the region of New York and its environs. Regional Survey of New York and Its Environs, 1.
Hamman, R. F., Mulgrew, C. L., Baxter, J., Shetterly, S. M., Swenson, C., & Morgenstern, N. E. (1999). Methods and prevalence of ADL limitations in Hispanic and non-Hispanic White subjects in rural Colorado: The San Luis valley health and aging study. Annals of Epidemiology, 9(4), 225–235. doi:10.1016/s1047-2797(98)00036-2.
Jacobsen, L. A., Kent, M., Lee, M., & Mather, M. (2011). America’s aging population. Population Bulletin (Vol. 66, No. 1). Washington,DC: Population Reference Bureau.
Johnson, K. M. (2011). The continuing incidence of natural decrease in American counties. Rural Sociology, 76(1), 74–100. doi:10.1111/j.1549-0831.2010.00036.x.
Johnson, K. M., & Lichter, D. T. (2008). Natural increase: A new source of population growth in emerging Hispanic destinations in the United States. Population and Development Review, 34(2), 327–346. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2008.00222.x.
Joynt, K. E., Harris, Y., Orav, E. J., & Jha, A. K. (2011). Quality of care and patient outcomes in critical access rural hospitals. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 306(1), 45–52. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.902.
Kandel, W., & Massey, D. S. (2002). The culture of Mexican migration: A theoretical and empirical analysis. Social Forces, 80(3), 981–1004. doi:10.1353/sof.2002.0009.
Lichter, D. T. (2012). Immigration and the new racial diversity in rural America. Rural Sociology, 77(1), 3–35. doi:10.1111/j.1549-0831.2012.00070.x.
Lichter, D. T., & Brown, D. L. (2011). Rural America in an urban society: Changing spatial and social boundaries. Annual Review of Sociology, 37(1), 565–592. doi:doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-081309-150208.
Litwak, E., & Longino, C. F. (1987). Migration patterns among the elderly: A developmental Âperspective. The Gerontologist, 27(3), 266–272. doi:10.1093/geront/27.3.266.
Markides, K. S., & Coreil, J. (1986). The health of Hispanics in the Southwestern United States: An epidemiologic paradox. Public Health Reports, 101(3), 253–265.
Massey, D. S. (1999). International migration at the dawn of the twenty-first century: The role of the state. Population and Development Review, 25(2), 303–322. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.1999.00303.x.
Menz, T., & Kühling, J. (2011). Population aging and environmental quality in OECD countries: Evidence from sulfur dioxide emissions data. Population and Environment, 33(1), 55–79. doi:10.1007/s11111-011-0132-6.
Miniño, A. M., Xu, J., & Kochanek, K. D. (2010). Deaths: Preliminary data for 2008 (National Vital Statistics Reports (Vol. 59, No. 2)). Hyattsville: National Center for Health Statistics.
Murray, C. J. L., Kulkarni, S. C., Michaud, C., Tomijima, N., Bulzacchelli, M. T., Iandiorio, T. J., et al. (2006). Eight Americas: Investigating mortality disparities across races, counties, and race-counties in the United States. PLoS Medicine, 3(9), e260. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030260.
Myers, D., & Ryu, S. (2008). Aging baby boomers and the generational housing bubble: Foresight and mitigation of an epic transition. Journal of the American Planning Association, 74(1), 17–33. doi:10.1080/01944360701802006.
Passel, J., Cohn, D. V., & Gonzalez-Barrera, A. (2012). Net migration from Mexico falls to zero—and perhaps less. Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center.
Peterson, L. E., Bazemore, A., Bragg, E. J., Xierali, I., & Warshaw, G. A. (2011). Rural–urban distribution of the U.S. geriatrics physician workforce. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(4), 699–703. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03335.x.
Population Reference Bureau. (2009). Human population: Migration. http://www.prb.org/Educators/TeachersGuides/HumanPopulation/Migration.aspx. Accessed 12 May 2012.
Smith, K. E., & Mattingly, M. J. (2012). Rural families in transition. In L. J. Kulcsár & K. J. Curtis (Eds.), International handbook of rural demography (pp. 239–253). Dordrecht: Springer.
Sobotka, T., Skirbekk, V., & Philipov, D. (2011). Economic recession and fertility in the developed world. Population and Development Review, 37(2), 267–306. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2011.00411.x.
Stack, C. (1996). Call to home: African Americans reclaim the rural South. New York: BasicBooks.
US Census Bureau. (2003). Statistical abstract of the United States: 2003 (123rd ed.). Washington, DC: US Census Bureau.
US Census Bureau. (2008). 2008 National Population Projections. http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/2008projections.html. Accessed 30 Mar 2011.
US Census Bureau. (2011). American community survey: 2009 data release. http://www.census.gov/acs/www/data_documentation/2009_release/. Accessed 20 July 2011.
Wilson, B., Berry, E. H., Toney, M., Kim, Y.-T., & Cromartie, J. (2009). A panel based analysis of the effects of race/ethnicity and other individual level characteristics at leaving on returning. Population Research and Policy Review, 28(4), 405–428. doi:10.1007/s11113-008-9105-6.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge support from Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Project 0835, Cornell Agricultural Experiment Station Project NYC-15980, and WAAESD Project W2001.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Berry, E.H., Glasgow, N. (2013). Conclusions and Policy Implications for Aging in Rural Places. In: Glasgow, N., Berry, E. (eds) Rural Aging in 21st Century America. Understanding Population Trends and Processes, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5567-3_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5567-3_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-5566-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-5567-3
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawSocial Sciences (R0)