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The Evolution of Pulp and Paper Industries in Finland, Sweden, and Norway, 1800–2005

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The Evolution of Global Paper Industry 1800¬–2050

Part of the book series: World Forests ((WFSE,volume 17))

Abstract

In this chapter, we study Finland, Sweden and Norway as examples of countries with small firm populations without intense domestic competition. This has enabled firms to build certain organizational capabilities while neglecting others. The basic story-line in the Nordic paper industry evolution is that a few firms that emerged as industrial populations were (a) built on to exploit abundant raw materials (timber, water, labor); (b) focused to a large extent on exporting their products; and (c) relied on cooperation between competitors to success in competition with the large firms populations of Britain and Germany – the two main markets for Nordic paper industry products.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Actually the first paper mill was built in 1573. However, the site was in Klippan, at that time a part of Denmark.

  2. 2.

    Actually the problem was reversed. In the middle of the 1980s, the oversupply of timber was the major problem publicly debated (Ekonomisk debatt 1985:7).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

    Joonas Järvinen

  2. Department of History and Ethnology, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland

    Jari Ojala & Juha-Antti Lamberg

  3. Business Administration, Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping, Sweden

    Anders Melander

Authors
  1. Joonas Järvinen
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  2. Jari Ojala
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  3. Anders Melander
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  4. Juha-Antti Lamberg
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Correspondence to Joonas Järvinen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of History and Ethnology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, 40014, Finland

    Juha-Antti Lamberg

  2. , Department of History and Ethnology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, 40014, Finland

    Jari Ojala

  3. Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 11000, Aalto, 00076, Finland

    Mirva Peltoniemi

  4. , Department of History and Ethnology, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, 40014, Finland

    Timo Särkkä

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Järvinen, J., Ojala, J., Melander, A., Lamberg, JA. (2012). The Evolution of Pulp and Paper Industries in Finland, Sweden, and Norway, 1800–2005. In: Lamberg, JA., Ojala, J., Peltoniemi, M., Särkkä, T. (eds) The Evolution of Global Paper Industry 1800¬–2050. World Forests, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5431-7_2

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