Abstract
The Mubarak-Kohl Initiative for Dual System (MKI-DS) started in 1994 as an Egyptian-German technical cooperation programme, financed by the German government and supported via the German Technical Cooperation (GTZ). It is now a wholly Egyptian-owned scheme, with governance and implementation of TVET in the hands of the private and public sectors. For 3 years, MKI-DS students attend secondary technical education schools of the Ministry of Education twice a week. They work and learn in the workplace on 4 days a week. Recent tracer studies of graduates show a demonstrable impact on the development of vocational identity among young people. Quantitative and qualitative results reveal impacts on current employment, career plans, job selection, labour market knowledge and job search behaviour. MKI-DS equips graduates with the confidence to make informed choices, negotiate job quality and work with employers appropriately. MKI-DS’s impact counters prevailing cultural perceptions and attitudes regarding the labour market and increases the opportunities for ongoing employment.
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Notes
- 1.
DRAFT 2009 EHDR, Chapter on TVET and Youth, p. 2–3
- 2.
The MKI-DS is now legally integrated at the Ministry of Education, Decree Nr. 361 of 10.11.2008.
- 3.
Those intermediary institutions are operative units of the business sector, registered as NGOs. They are financially sustainable through service fees paid by companies involved in MKI-DS.
- 4.
There are different monitoring sources: conservative figures announce 22,000 (01/2010).
- 5.
For women, proximity of work and home was of more importance than treatment in the workplace, reflecting the cultural norms which still inhibit the relationship between women and the labour market.
- 6.
More than half of the sample asks about industrial safety/accidents in the workplace before accepting a job. The importance here is in the “asking”. It indicates more interaction.
- 7.
Where they did opt for self-employment as an immediate option, it seemed to be about a resistance to being “controlled”. It would be useful to see if this preference for entrepreneurship arises from the MKI-DS approach, but this would require a study among TSS graduates which has not yet been done.
- 8.
This is more marked in the urban areas than in the rural areas.
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Grunwald, E., Becker, B. (2013). Successful in Reforming the TVET System and Shaping the Society: The Example of the Mubarak-Kohl Initiative. In: Deitmer, L., Hauschildt, U., Rauner, F., Zelloth, H. (eds) The Architecture of Innovative Apprenticeship. Technical and Vocational Education and Training: Issues, Concerns and Prospects, vol 18. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5398-3_21
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