Abstract
Natural resources are neither uniformly nor randomly distributed across the Earth. Rather, they are commonly grouped within geomorphologic and climatic boundaries. These groups—“Ecological Zones”—are generally large and cross political and socioeconomic boundaries. It is cumbersome to coordinate effective management for many values across these large areas. Consequently, we subdivide ecological zones into smaller areas and then further subdivide these, creating a hierarchy of sizes for management (Fig. 3.1; Oliver 2003). The term “ecosystem” refers to an ecological grouping of biotic and abiotic factors at any scale (Chapin et al. 2002; Kimmins 2003).
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Oliver, C.D. et al. (2012). Landscape Management. In: Stanturf, J., Lamb, D., Madsen, P. (eds) Forest Landscape Restoration. World Forests, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5326-6_3
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