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The Impact of Diabetes in Older Adults

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The Epidemiology of Aging

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Abstract

Nearly 8% of the United States population has diabetes mellitus, and nearly 25% of those who have diabetes are undiagnosed. Older adults have the highest prevalence and incidence of diabetes and diabetes among this group presents a large medical and economic challenge to society. Diabetes greatly impacts the health of older adults with regard to both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular complications. Cardiovascular diseases impacted by diabetes include coronary artery disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, autonomic dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease and hypertension. Non-cardiovascular diseases include cognitive decline; liver, bone, kidney and eye disease; disability, mobility decline; and cancer. With the increasing incidence and prevalence of diabetes, the prevention of these conditions is becoming increasingly urgent.

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Abbreviations

4S:

Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study

ABI:

Ankle-Brachial Index

ACE:

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme

ACCORD:

Action to Control Cardio­vascular Risk in Diabetes

ACCORD-MIND:

Action to Control Cardio­vascular Risk in Diabetes–Memory in Diabetes

ADA:

American Diabetes Asso­ciation

AGE:

Advanced Glycation End product

ALLHAT:

Antihypertensive Lipid Lowering Heart Attack Prevention Trial

ATLAS:

Assessment Trial of Lisinopril and Survival

Bpm:

Beats Per Minute

CAN:

Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy

CDC:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CHD:

Coronary Heart Disease

CHS:

Cardiovascular Health Study

CI:

Confidence Interval

CVD:

Cardiovascular Disease

eGFR:

estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate

HbA1c:

Hemoglobin A1c

HMO:

Health Maintenance Organization

HR:

Hazard Ratio

HRV:

Heart Rate Variation

LEAD:

Lower Extremity Arterial Disease

MRI:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

NHANES:

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

NRMI2:

National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2

ONTARGET/:

Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and TRANSCENDin Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial and Telmisartan Randomized Asses­sment Study in Ace Intolerant Subjects with Cardiovascular Disease

OR:

Odds Ratio

PROactive:

Prospective Pioglitazone Cli­ni­cal Trial in Macrovascular Events

PROSPER:

Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk

RR:

Relative Risk

SMO:

Standardized Mortality Ratio

SOLVD:

Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction

TICS:

Telephone Interview for Cog­nitive Status

US:

United States

V-HeFT II:

Vasodilator-Heart Failure Trial II

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  1. Division of Endocrinology, Kaiser Permanente of Georgia, 200 Crescent Center Parkway, Tucker, Atlanta, GA, 30084, USA

    Joshua Barzilay M.D.

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  1. Joshua Barzilay M.D.
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Correspondence to Joshua Barzilay M.D. .

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  1. , Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, A527 Crabtree Hall, DeSoto Street 130, Pittsburgh, 15261, Pennsylvania, USA

    Anne B. Newman

  2. Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, DeSoto Street, A510 Crabtree 130, Pittsburgh, 15261, Pennsylvania, USA

    Jane A. Cauley

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© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Barzilay, J. (2012). The Impact of Diabetes in Older Adults. In: Newman, A., Cauley, J. (eds) The Epidemiology of Aging. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5061-6_26

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