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Myelodysplastic Syndromes

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Book cover Hematologic Cancers: From Molecular Pathobiology to Targeted Therapeutics

Part of the book series: Cancer Growth and Progression ((CAGP,volume 14))

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Abstract

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders typically characterized by peripheral cytopenia(s) despite marrow hypercellularity, with associated morphologic dysplasia in one or more myeloid lineages. In their initial phases they display ineffective hematopoiesis; later, maturation arrest develops, resulting in the progression to acute myeloid leukemia in a sizable minority of patients. While pediatric MDS is increasingly recognized, they are prototypically diseases of the elderly with a majority (∼85 %) of the affected over the age of 60 years and a median age at diagnosis of 76 years. Officially, the incidence is relatively low at 3.5 per 100,000 overall (Rollison et al. 2008); however, this is likely an underestimate, particularly since the incidence is gradually increasing with the average age of the United States population. Indeed, by the age of 70 it now approaches 75 per 100,000 (Cogle et al. 2011). Men are affected at a somewhat higher rate than women. There is no apparent geographical bias to the distribution of MDS; on an age-adjusted basis, the incidence is similar throughout the world, although it should be noted that these studies were performed primarily in Western nations.

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  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 7.103 Founders Pavilion 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4283, USA

    Grant E. Nybakken M.D., Ph.D. & Adam Bagg M.D.

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  1. Research Institute, Department of Hematopathology and, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center &, Magnolia Drive - MCC-LAB 12902, Tampa, 33612, Florida, USA

    Jianguo Tao

  2. Research Institute, Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center &, Magnolia Drive 12902, Tampa, 33612, Florida, USA

    Eduardo Sotomayor

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Nybakken, G.E., Bagg, A. (2012). Myelodysplastic Syndromes. In: Tao, J., Sotomayor, E. (eds) Hematologic Cancers: From Molecular Pathobiology to Targeted Therapeutics. Cancer Growth and Progression, vol 14. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5028-9_11

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